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Electrolyzed-reduced water (ERW) scavenges reactive oxygen species and is a powerful anti-oxidant. A positive correlation between oxidative stress and aging has been proved in many model organisms. In Caenorhabditis elegans, many long-lived mutants showed reduced fertility as a trade off against longevity phenotype. We aimed to study the eff ect of ERW on oxidative stress, fertility and lifespan of C. elegans. We also investigated the genetic pathway involved in the eff ect of ERW on resistance to oxidative stress and lifespan. We compared lifespan and fertility of worms in media prepared with distilled water and ERW. ERW signifi cantly extended lifespan and increased the number of progeny produced. Then the eff ect of ERW on resistance to oxidative stress and lifespan of long-lived mutants was determined. ERW increased resistance to oxidative stress and lifespan of eat-2, a genetic model of dietary restriction, but had no eff ect on those of age-1, which is involved in insulin/insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-1-like signal. In addition, knockdown of daf-16, the downstream mediator of insulin/IGF-1-like signal, completely prevented the eff ect of ERW on lifespan. These fi ndings suggest that ERW can extend lifespan without accompanying reduced fertility and modulate resistance to oxidative stress and lifespan via insulin/IGF-1-like signal in C. elegans.

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We investigated the proteins showing differential expression in response to TiO 2 nanoparticles in mouse kidney using a proteomic approach to better understand the molecular mechanism by which TiO 2 nanoparticles-induced nephrotoxicity at the protein level. More than 1,100 protein spots in mouse kidney were detected by the two-dimensional gel eletrophoresis and comparative analysis revealed that the expression of 11 proteins were changed by more than 2 fold in response to TiO 2 nanoparticles. Of these, 10 were up-regulated and 1 was down-regulated upon treatment with TiO 2 nanoparticles.