We report an improved 3-stacked white organic light emitting diode (WOLED) structure comprised of layers emitting red and yellow-green phosphorescence in the 2nd stacked device. We focused on developing the WOLED devices to realize 4K premium OLED TV displaying very high brightness and excellent color characteristics, with the optimized color layer. The WOLED has a high current efficiency of 83 cd/A, and cool white color whose color coordinate is (0.297, 0.317). 65-inch 4K premium OLED TV employing the new WOLED shows 800 nit of peak brightness, and 99 percent color gamut in DCI color space.

We proposed a continuous-flow polymerase chain reaction (PCR) chip that can be used for series DNA amplification. The continuous-flow PCR chip has several advantages such as fast thermal cycling, series of amplifications, cost-effective fabrication, portability, and fluorescence detection. The continuous-flow PCR chip is composed of two parts namely poly(dimethylsiloxane) (PDMS) microchannel for sample injection and indium–tin-oxide (ITO) heater/glass chip for thermal cycling. The fabricated microchannel width and depth are 250 and 200 µm, respectively. Also, the total working length of the PDMS microchannel is 1340 mm which is equivalent for 20 cycles of amplification. A 2:2:3 microchannel length ratio for three different temperature zones namely denaturation, annealing, and extension was assigned, respectively. Upon the operation of the fabricated continuous-flow PCR chip, the amplification of plasmid DNA pKS-GFP with 720 base pairs and PG-noswsi with 300 base pairs were found successfully with a total reaction time of 15 min.

We propose an optical and an electrical methods for detecting various biomolecules effectively with microcantilevers. The microcantilevers were fabricated employing surface micromachining technique that has attractive advantages in terms of cost efficiency, simplicity and ability of fabricating in array. The fluid cell system for injection of biomolecular solution is fabricated using poly(dimethylsiloxane) (PDMS) and a fused silica glass. The microcantilever is deflected with respect to the difference of the surface stress caused by the formation of self-assembled biomolecules on the gold coated side of the microcantilever. It detected cystamine dihydrochloride and glutaraldehyde molecules and analyzed individual concentrations of the cystamine dihydrochloride solution. We confirm that the deflections of bending-up or bending-down are occurred by the biomolecule adsorption and microcantilever can be widely used to a micro total analysis system (µ-TAS) and a lab-on-a-chip for a potential detection of various biomolecules.

We report technical approaches for enhancing brightness of OLED microdisplays based on Si backplanes (OLEDoS) by changing in white OLED device architectures and incorporating the microcavity technology. In addition, effective strategies for further increasing the performances of the OLEDoS panels are suggested.

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