In the era of precision medicine, cancer therapy can be tailored to an individual patient based on the genomic profile of a tumour. Despite the ever-increasing abundance of cancer genomic data, linking mutation profiles to drug efficacy remains a challenge. Herein, we report Cancer Drug Response profile scan (CDRscan) a novel deep learning model that predicts anticancer drug responsiveness based on a large-scale drug screening assay data encompassing genomic profiles of 787 human cancer cell lines and structural profiles of 244 drugs. CDRscan employs a two-step convolution architecture, where the genomic mutational fingerprints of cell lines and the molecular fingerprints of drugs are processed individually, then merged by ‘virtual docking’, an in silico modelling of drug treatment. Analysis of the goodness-of-fit between observed and predicted drug response revealed a high prediction accuracy of CDRscan (R2 > 0.84; AUROC > 0.98). We applied CDRscan to 1,487 approved drugs and identified 14 oncology and 23 non-oncology drugs having new potential cancer indications. This, to our knowledge, is the first-time application of a deep learning model in predicting the feasibility of drug repurposing. By further clinical validation, CDRscan is expected to allow selection of the most effective anticancer drugs for the genomic profile of the individual patient.

Particulate respirators have been used in both general environments and in the workplace. Despite the existence of certified respirators for workers, no strict regulations exist for masks worldwide. The aims of this study were to evaluate the filter efficiency of various mask types using the Korean Food and Drug Administration (KFDA) [similar to the European Union (EU) protocol] and the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) protocol and to compare the test results. We tested a total of 44 mask brands of four types (anti-yellow sand, medical, quarantine, general) and handkerchiefs with a TSI 8130 Automatic Filter Tester. A wide variation of penetration and pressure drops was observed by mask types. The overall mean penetration and pressure drop of all tested masks were respectively 35.6 ± 34.7%, 2.7 ± 1.4 mm H 2 O with the KFDA protocol, and 35.1 ± 35.7%, 10.6 ± 5.88 mm H 2 O with the NIOSH protocol. All tested quarantine masks satisfied the KFDA criterion of 6%. Six-ninths and four-sevenths of the anti-yellow sand masks for adults and children satisfied the criterion of 20%, respectively. Medical masks, general masks, and handkerchiefs were found to provide little protection against respiratory aerosols.

The synthesis of silica, silver bromide, and composite nanospheres made in the presence of block copolypeptide vesicles is reported. Hollow silica nanospheres of controllable size can be made with Lys:Phe 1:1 block copolypeptides, whereas at higher block ratios, uniform silica nanospheres are formed that are not hollow. Silver bromide nanospheres of controllable size in the range of 25−250 nm can also be formed, as well as silver bromide/silica core−shell particles. The silver bromide nanospheres can also be assembled into hollow rods in the presence of rhodamine 6G, and this process is reversible. The unique feature of this work is the ability to translate the information of an individual biomimetic supramolecular structure (e.g., vesicle) as a template into an inorganic material. The results show that block copolypeptides offer unique opportunities for assembling nanostructured materials.

The formation of core-shell structure is the key issue of temperature stable barium titanate-based dielectric ceramic for multilayer ceramic capacitor application. It is difficult to obtain and observe the core-shell structure in ceramic grains when the grain size becomes smaller, especially to sizes o200 nm. A nanodopant method has been developed for the preparation of ultrafine-grained barium titanate-based ceramics with grain size below 200 nm. The existence of core-shell structure was proved by transmission electron microscopy observation and energydispersive spectroscopy analysis. High-performance X7R dielectric ceramics were produced in a reducing atmosphere by normal sintering and two-step sintering method. The dielectric constant at room temperature could reach over 2000, with a low dielectric loss at about 1.0% and high insulation resistivity B10 12 X . cm.

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