Background:In the low resource settings of a developing country, a conventional Papanicolaou (Pap) test is the mainstay screening system for cervical cancer. In order to counsel women and to organize a public health system for cervical cancer screening by Pap smear examination, it is imperative to know the pattern of premalignant and malignant lesions. This study was undertaken to find out the prevalence of an abnormal Pap smear, in a tertiary hospital of a developing country, and to carry out a clinicopathological and demographical analysis for establishing the pattern of epithelial cell abnormality in a Pap smear.Materials and Methods:A cross-sectional descriptive study was carried out in a total of 1699 patients who underwent Pap smear examination. The prevalence of epithelial cell abnormality in the Pap smear was calculated in proportions / percentages. Specimen adequacy and reporting was assessed according to the revised Bethesda system.Results:Among the total of 1699 patients who had their Pap smear done, 139 (8.18%) revealed epithelial cell abnormality. Altogether 26 smears revealed high-grade lesions and malignancy, most of which were found to be in women belonging to the 30 – 39 and ≥ 45 age group. A total of 75 (53.96%) women were in the 20 – 44 age group and 64 (46.04%) were in the ≥ 45 age group. A bimodal age distribution was detected in the epithelial cell abnormality, with the bulk being diagnosed in patients aged 45 or above. Overall one-third of the patients with an abnormal Pap smear result showed healthy cervix in per vaginal examination.Conclusions:A raised prevalence of epithelial cell abnormality reflects the lack of awareness about cervical cancer screening. Women aged 45 or above harbor the bulk of premalignant and malignant lesions in the Pap smear, signifying that these women are among the under users of cytological screening.

Key words: ABO blood group, Rh(D) blood group; leprosydoi: 10.3329/jcmcta.v19i2.3872Journal of Chittagong Medical College Teachers' Association 2008: 19(2):51-53

doi: 10.3329/jcmcta.v19i2.3873Journal of Chittagong Medical College Teachers' Association 2008: 19(2):54-56

Background: Now a-days nephrectomy is not an uncommon surgery practiced in urology. Not only the clinical suspicions are confirmed but also many unsuspecting lesions are brought to light by the histopahological study.Elective nephrectomy is done for both benign and malignant diseases of the kidney. On the other hand, trauma is the most common cause of emergency nephrectomy. To observe the demographic and histopathological aspects of nephrectomy specimens in a tertiary care hospital of Chattogram: Chittagong Medical College Hospital. Materials and methods: This was an observational study of nephrectomy specimens received in the Department of pathology, Chittagong Medical College over a period of one year (January to December 2019). The studied parameters were: frequency, age, sex, laterality, clinical presentation, histological type and morphologic characteristics. Results: There were 30 nephrectomy specimens of which 09 were non-neoplastic and 21 were neoplastic lesions. Among the neoplastic lesions, all the cases were malignant with no significant side and sex differences of patients. The most frequent (26.67%) age rage was 0-10 year and renal cell carcinoma was the commonest (13 out of 21 cases, 61.90%) malignant tumor. Among the nonneoplastic lesions, chronic pyelonephritis was the most frequent benign lesion (5 out of 9 cases, 55.56%). Conclusion: In this study, there was a much higher rate of nephrectomy performed for malignant conditions of the kidney compared to other developing countries, where benign lesions are the main cause of nephrectomies. JCMCTA 2020 ; 31 (1) : 58-63