Aims: In many references of Traditional Iranian Medicine (TIM), there are methods to produce medicinal products from plant fruit based on extraction of active substances into oils. One of these recommendations is to import cucurbit or pumpkin seed oil into an entirely ripe fruit of Solanum melongena plant. In this study for the first time, the extraction of solasodine from the oily matrix has been investigated to find a precise method with suitable extraction recovery. Khandani et al.; JPRI, 27(2): 1-11, 2019; Article no.JPRI.48217 2 Study Design: Original Research Article. Original Research Article Place and Duration of Study:The study took place in herbal and traditional medicines research center of Kerman, Iran from February 2015 to November 2017. Methodology: Solasodine, an active steroidal alkaloid metabolite of the plant, was used for standardization of the product. Two methods of (Liquid-liquid extraction) LLE and (Solid phase extraction) SPE were evaluated and their conditions were optimized by assessment of seven effective factors at five levels using HPLC as the method of choice for solasodine determination. Results: Results showed that LLE and SPE in optimized conditions had recoveries of about 76.5 and 94.7%, respectively. For the extraction of low concentrations of the analyte, the SPE method had better accuracies (88 to 105%), but its precision was less than that of LLE method. In contrast, the LLE method had a higher precision in the whole range while its relevant accuracy was lower. The LOD and LOQ of SPE-HPLC method were 0.2 and 0.6 μg/ml and those of the LLE-HPLC method were 0.2 and 0.7 μg/ml, respectively. Conclusion: In general, both methods of LLE-HPLC and SPE-HPLC showed acceptable validation parameters including linearity, precision, accuracy, LOD, and LOQ; and they can be used for routine extraction and determination of solasodine in traditional medicine products.

Objective:The aim of the present study was to optimize an RP-HPLC method for determination of solasodine, a steroidal alkaloid with various pharmacologic properties, in herbal medicinal preparations. Methods: Various chromatographic parameters including the composition of mobile phase and its organic and pH modifiers, mode of elution and column temperature were investigated using analytical C 18 columns as stationary phase. Acetonitrile and methanol were examined in combination with deionized water and different aqueous buffers as mobile phases. Results: A mixture of methanol: KH 2 PO 4 buffer (pH 2.5) at the ratio of 75:25 %v/v in an isocratic elution mode produced more symmetric, sharper peaks with better retention times and capacity factor than that of acetonitrile: KH 2 PO 4 buffer. The optimum column temperature was found at 25°C. The standard calibration curve showed a very good linearity (R 2 =0.9966) in the range of 1-25 μg/ml with acceptable inter-day and intra-day precisions and accuracy.In addition, the LOD and the LOQ of the method were determined at 0.2 and 0.7 μg/mL, respectively. Conclusion: This developed and validated method is simple and quite rapid and can be used for routine determination of solasodine in samples such as traditional medicinal preparations.This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 License, which allows others to remix, tweak, and build upon the work non-commercially, as long as the author is credited and the new creations are licensed under the identical terms.

Introduction: Drug development has a great deal to gain from the therapeutic and preventative actions of medicinal plants and their derivatives. In order to introduce active medicinal herbs and phytochemicals against viral infections of the respiratory system, we tried to focus on a vast amount of data. Methods: From 2000 to the present, articles from Web of Science, Scopus, ScienceDirect, PubMed, and Google Scholar were taken into consideration. A combination of respiratory viral infection with keywords of medicinal plants, phytochemicals, flavonoids, saponins, phenolics, terpenoids, alkaloids, and natural products has been used, as well as keywords of antiviral medicinal plants, and antiviral phytochemicals. Pure antiviral compounds and plants with activity against viruses other than respiratory viruses were disregarded and excluded from consideration. Results: More than eighty phytochemicals and sixty herbs that were subjected to in vitro and in vivo investigations were documented. The current study collects information on multiple medicinal plants, including Camellia sinensis, Sambucus nigra, Pelargonium sidoides, Echinacea purpurea, and Glycyrrhiza glabra, which have been shown to have effective antiviral properties through experimental research. The main antiviral phytochemicals were terpenoids, alkaloids, and flavonoids. Additionally, chemicals including resveratrol, quercetin, chlorogenic acid, amentoflavone A, biochanin, and glycyrrhizin demonstrated efficacy against many viral infections. Conclusion: For the management of viral infections, the current review on the development of novel antiviral medications is strongly advised. It also provides a possibility to discover anti-Covid-19 lead compounds and can offer supportive treatment in this pandemic situation.

Background: With today’s increasing life expectations, the desire to look youthful plays a bigger role than ever before. The use of plants has a history as old as that on mankind himself and in the Traditional Persian Medicine many herbal formulations are reported for hair growth promotion as well as improvement in quality of hair. Objective: The aim of this study is to introduce the effective medicinal plants in Traditional Persian Medicine on graying hair that can be used in new products. Methods: The present study is an overview study and codified by the Library search method in the main sources of Traditional Persian Medicine. Results: After reviewing the selected book, we discovered that three types of formulation recommended for gray hair by traditional healers contain preventive, treatment and dying compounds. Our research indicated that the most frequently parts of the plants used in treatment and preventive compounds are leaves, seeds and fruit that are more used as topical oil or oral compound (electuaries). The majority of plants parts used in hair dyes are leaves, fruit and gum which all are used topically. Conclusion: synthetic based formulations may cause several side effects on human health and the increasing popularity of the herbal drugs in hair care products it is worthwhile to carry out systemic investigation on the efficacy of these formulations and their preparations. We hope this study could show a way of using of Traditional Persian Medicine in hair care products in the future.