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Objectives: Drug Therapy Management is a collaborative approach between a physician and a pharmacist. Implementation of DTM in hospitals have a higher chance of reducing DRP's and increase in patients' Quality of Life. The aim of this study is to evaluate types, frequency, and ways for minimizing Drug Related Problems and identify the role of clinical pharmacist in Drug Therapy Management. Methods: A Prospective Observational study was carried out in a tertiary care teaching hospital in Bhimavaram. All the in-patients who satisfied the inclusion criteria were enrolled. Patient demographics and necessary clinical data was collected. MS Excel and Graphpad Prism 9 Software were used to analyze the data. Chi-Square Test was implemented to obtain significance between number of diseases, age, number of drugs prescribed, length of hospital stays with DRP's. Results: Among 493 cases, total of 315 DRP's were detected (mean = 2.58 DRP's per patient). The highest occurring DRP was Drug Interactions (40.6%). Antibiotics (27.54%) were found to be highly contributing. The major cause for DRP's was inappropriate combination of drugs or drugs and food (39.75%). Drug discontinuation (26.35%) was the most appropriate type of recommendation. Conclusion: Findings in this study signify the need of adaptation of Drug Therapy Management thereby improving healthcare system. Most of the medication errors can be prevented with the interventions of clinical pharmacist as they have broad knowledge of clinical pharmacokinetics, drug use and safety.

Today, in a generation of technological improvements, Laparoscopic cholecystectomy (L.C.) is the selection for the treatment of symptomatic illnesses of gallbladder like cholecystitis and cholelithiasis. Legitimate pain control is essential for advancing scientific outcomes and previous ambulation after surgery. Results aren't suitable for daycare surgeries. It is minimally invasive with much less postoperative ache, rapid recuperation, lesser health facility live and return to everyday interest on the earliest1. Though laparoscopic cholecystectomy is a slightly invasive surgical procedure with more secondary perioperative pain scores assessment to open procedures, it is present with enormous ranges of postoperative ache. The present prospective, unmarried blinded, randomized manipulate study protected sixty patients scheduled for laparoscopic cholecystectomy and aimed to compare the postoperative analgesia between the posterior transversus abdominis plane block and subcostal transversus abdominis aircraft block. The patients were randomly allotted to 2 businesses- Group 1 consisted of patients who received posterior T.A.P. block with zero. 2% Ropivacaine with Dexmedetomidine 1mcg/kg and Group 2 consisted of patients who obtained subcostal T.A.P. block with zero.2% Ropivacaine with Dexmedetomidine 1mcg/kg. All patients underwent laparoscopic cholecystectomy under general anaesthesia. At the quit of the surgical operation earlier than extubation, both one of the blocks were executed on the affected person underneath ultrasound steering by the identical anaesthesiologist. The objectives of the study were to compare the postoperative pain relief based on VAS at rest and VAS at deep breathing, to compare the time taken for the administration of rescue analgesia (duration of analgesia) and to compare the time taken to perform the block.

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Context: Medication non-compliance is an important area of concern in schizophrenia as it contributes to relapse and re-hospitalization of the patients. Constant advancement and study of therapeutic interventions designed to improve medication adherence and the outcome of dose titrations are required to reap the most valuable benefits from the pharmacologic treatment of schizophrenia. Aim & Objective: The aim of the present study is to find out the reasons for drug non-compliance and the effectiveness of treatment outcomes after dose titrations in schizophrenic patients and the main objective is to educate the patient by counseling about the disease, drugs and the importance of medication adherence. Materials and Methods: This study was conducted over a period of six months. All male and female subjects of age group 30-40 receiving anti-psychotic medications for a minimum of 1 year before the study starts and who were noncompliant to the prescribed medications were included. Results: Females were prominent in the non-adherent group and males were found to be higher in Group-B. Most of the schizophrenic patients were suffering with paranoid schizophrenia, living in the urban environment and running their nuclear families. Majority of the Subjects in the non-adherent group were illiterates and unemployed, where as in the dose titration group many have completed their primary education and were employed. Compared to first generation antipsychotics, second generation antipsychotic drugs were most commonly prescribed. Almost 56.07% do not have the support from their families. The main reasons stated by the patients to be noncompliant were difficulty in access to treatment, financial obstacles, forgetfulness. Dose titrations were made at an interval of 1 month for four antipsychotics (haloperidol, chlorpromazine, olanzapine and risperidone) and patients were benefited by the titration which was observed through the PANSS scores at each visit. Conclusion: Findings suggest that there is a need for identification and reduction of factors responsible for noncompliance. Strategies to improve adherence have the potential to reduce these costs. Dose titration shows beneficial effect to improve patient quality of life. Hence they should be implemented in clinical practice depending upon the individual patient.