Thyroid hormones have various effects on the body which include electrolyte and water hemostasis. It is also involved in renal development and physiology. Hyponatremia is a serious electrolyte imbalance that can be associated with the involvement of different body systems and a wide range of deleterious changes. We report a case of a 62-years-old female with the symptoms of severe hyponatremia like altered mental sensorium with a serum sodium level of 110 meq/l. After ruling out other causes, a final diagnosis of hypothyroidism was made. On treating hypothyroidism the symptoms of hyponatremia were resolved. Therefore, thyroid stimulating hormone determination is mandatory during the evaluation of hyponatremia. And, those patients should be treated with fluid restriction and treatment of hypothyroidism.

An inflammatory condition, Crohn's Disease (CD) can affect any portion of the GI system. TB, ulcerative colitis, irritable bowel syndrome, and other gastrointestinal conditions share many of the signs and symptoms of CD. A third of patients have involvement in the small intestine, especially the terminal ileum, 20% have colon-only involvement, and about half have both colon and small intestine involvement. The most typical CD consequences, such as intestinal obstruction with segmental thickening and fibrosis, may occur in severe cases. Despite the extensive range of diagnostic methods available, including colonoscopy, barium x-rays, CT scans, and ultrasonography, a conclusive diagnosis of CD is still difficult to make, and there is no one "gold standard" sign of the disorder. Crohn's disease should be taken into consideration as a differential diagnosis in those who have an acute abdomen, especially if they have a long history of vague abdominal issues. We discuss a patient with an acute abdomen who was admitted to our hospital and was later found to have an intestinal obstruction. He was managed medically. Histology confirmed that the diseased excised parts as Crohn's Disease after an exploratory laparotomy.

An inflammatory condition, Crohn's Disease (CD) can affect any portion of the GI system. Tuberculosis, ulcerative colitis, irritable bowel syndrome, and other gastrointestinal disorders share many signs and symptoms of CD. A third of patients have involvement in the small intestine, especially the terminal ileum; 20% have colon-only involvement, and about half have both colon and small intestine involvement. The most typical CD consequences, such as intestinal obstruction with segmental thickening and fibrosis, may occur in severe cases. Despite the extensive range of diagnostic methods available, including colonoscopy, barium x-rays, CT scans, and ultrasonography, a conclusive diagnosis of CD is still challenging, and there is no one "gold standard" sign of the disorder. Crohn's disease should be considered a differential diagnosis in those with an acute abdomen, especially if they have a long history of vague abdominal issues. We discuss a patient with an acute abdomen who was admitted to our hospital and was later found to have a small intestinal obstruction. He was managed medically. After an exploratory laparotomy, histology confirmed Crohn's disease from the excised bowel parts.

Background: Liver is the largest compound gland in the body. Liver is one of the organs of interest for researchers since a long time. Though, detailed study about adult liver is there but liver at different stages in the fetal period is far less available. The present study attempted to find out the relationship between the body weight and liver weight in different gestational weeks of foetuses. Methods: The study was carried out on 40 spontaneously aborted human foetuses of known gestational age ranging from 10 weeks to 38 weeks. The weight of the foetuses was measured in grams on digital weighing machine. The anterior abdominal wall was dissected and the liver was removed. The weight of the liver was measured in grams on digital weighing machine. Data of the study were statistical analyzed by using the Microsoft Excel 2007 program. Results: The average body weight of foetuses at 10th week and 38th week was 28 and 3200 gm respectively. The average weight of liver at 10th week and 38th week was 2.2 and 120.1 gm respectively. The relative ratio between liver weight and body weight at 10th week and 38th week are 7.86 and 3.75 respectively. Conclusions: Evaluating body and liver weights and measurements against known standards is an important part of perinatal pathology. It also provides new insights to the anatomist and clinician for understanding and developing knowledge in both normal and pathological conditions of liver tissue.

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