Overall, SDB appears to partly contribute to the total diminished functional capacity of HD patients. Thus, CKD patients maintained on HD with SDB had significantly lower sleep quality and QoL as compared to those not maintained on HD with or without SDB.

Hospital-acquired infections (HAI) reflect as a major global safety concern for both patients and health-care professionals. These infections could be in the form of cross-infection, endogenous infection and environmental Infection. Over 80% of these infections are related to devices' utilization needed for patients' life support. Methods show this is an observational and cross-sectional study, to identify the microorganism and determine the potential source of transmitting of hospital acquired infection by routine devices in adult ICU. The samples were collected using Amies transport media; three swabs were taken from the surfaces of indwelling urinary catheter, mechanical ventilation device and central venous catheter used from every twelve patients. The samples were cultured and analyzed by using microbiologic technique. Finally, all samples analyzed by MicroScan WalkAway 96 pulse. Results showing the most bacteria isolated are "Klebsiella pneumonia" (18.37%), "Acinetobacter baumannii" (11.48%), "Staphylococcus epidermidis" (4.59%), "Staphylococcus haemolyticus" (4.59%), "E. coli" (4.59%), "Serratia marcescens" (2.3%), "Pseudomonas luteola" (2.3%), "Kocurio kristinae" (2.3%) and "Photorhabdus luminscens" (2.3%). This study detects a high contamination of routine devices and resistant organisms. In the end it is recommended that effective infection control practices and effective strategies to control antibiotic-resistant bacteria should be applied.

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background. Progranulin is expressed in various cells including adipocytes. Having an important role in inflammation, it could participate to development of diabetes and its complications. We aimed at assessing serum progranulin level in subjects with type 1 diabe tes mellitus (t1DM) and its relation to microvascular complications. Methods. 80 subjects were included: 40 subjects with T1DM with a disease duration of more than 5 years, 20 subjects with newly diagnosed T1DM, and 20 healthy subjects as a control. Microvascular complications were assessed by clinical examination and investigations. results. the mean serum progranulin level was significantly higher in T1DM subjects with disease duration more than 5 years (77.2 ± 159.8) and those with disease duration less than one year (12.8 ± 16.0) comparing to healthy controls (p = 0.009, p = 0.032, respectively). However, no significant difference was found in the mean serum progranulin between the two diabetic groups (p 0.883). Serum progranulin level was significantly higher in patients with retinopathy (p ≤ 0.001), nephropathy (p = 0.002) and neuropathy (p = 0.007). However, in multivariate regression analy sis serum progranulin was not independently associa ted with microvascular complications of diabetes. conclusion. Serum progranulin is higher in t1DM than control and was not independently associated with diabetic microvascular complications. (clin Diabetol 2021; 10

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