MDRTF is still emerging as serious public and therapeutic challenge. Ceftriaxone is well-tolerated and effective drug but expensive whereas ofloxacin is safe, cost-effective and therapeutic alternative in treatment of MDRTF in children with comparable efficacy to ceftriaxone.
We study the amplitude modulation of ion-acoustic wave (IAW) packets in an unmagnetized electron-ion plasma with two-temperature (cool and hot) electrons in the context of the Tsallis' nonextensive statistics. Using the multiple-scale technique, a nonlinear Schrödinger (NLS) equation is derived which governs the dynamics of modulated wave packets. It is shown that in nonextensive plasmas, the IAW envelope is always stable for long-wavelength modes (k → 0) and unstable for short-wavelengths with k > ∼ 1. However, the envelope can be unstable at an intermediate scale of perturbations with 0 < k < 1. Thus, the modulated IAW packets can propagate in the form of bright envelope solitons or rogons (at small-and medium scale perturbations) as well as dark envelope solitons (at large scale). The stable and unstable regions are obtained for different values of temperature and density ratios as well as the nonextensive parameters qc and q h for cool and hot electrons. It is found that the more (less) the population of superthermal cool (hot) electrons, the smaller is the growth rate of instability with cutoffs at smaller wave numbers of modulation.
Lupeol is a pentacyclic triterpenoid commonly distributed in the plant kingdom and is found in edible fruits and vegetables. It is a naturally occurring triterpene that is used to reduce the inflammatory responses and also have immunomodulating properties. Lupeol and its derivatives have a great potential to act as an anti- inflammatory, anti-microbial, anti-proliferative, anti-invasive, anti-angiogenic, anti-protozoal, and cholesterol-lowering agent. Various studies have shown that anti-inflammatory activity of lupeol through the modulation of p-38 pathways inhibits neuroinflammation in the cerebellum and induces neuroprotection. It has been also found effective on lung cancer (i.e A427 cancer cells and normal MRC-5 cells). Observation of inhibiting the growth of lung cancer cells is checked by MTT assay. Lupeol and its ester lupeol linoleate have been used to reduce the levels of hypercholesterolemia in the rats and decrease the activities of such enzymes namely Na+, K+-ATPase, Ca2+-ATPase, and Mg2+. Lupeol also decreases the levels of calcium-oxalate and has cytoprotective action against free-radical-induced damage and also decreases the level of cadmium in the kidney.
Keywords: Lupeol, anti- inflammatory, anti-protozoal, triterpenoids
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