This research aims to analyze the profile of students' critical thinking skills and the application of Problem Based Learning (PBL) models based on digital books on physics learning in high school. This research method is a preliminary study with data collection techniques in the form of written tests whose data results will be analyzed descriptively qualitatively. The study was conducted on 176 students consisting of 77 male students and 99 female students. in 5 classes X MIPA at one of the State High Schools in Sidoarjo Regency. It was concluded that: 1) The lowest criteria for critical thinking skills of students were found in the analysis indicator with an average score of 0.989 in female students and 0.636 in male students. 2) Students' critical thinking skills belong to the low category, the score range of 0-45 as many as 99 female students and 77 male students and no students who belong to the medium and high categories. In this study, the application of digital book-assisted PBL is expected to improve students' critical thinking skills. So, it was concluded that if the critical thinking skills that students have are low, then it is necessary to improve students' critical thinking skills, namely with the implementation of digital book-assisted PBL models

This study aims to analyze the application of inquest model learning during the COVID-19 pandemic. This research method reviewed literature and research articles as many as 15 articles that met the criteria both nationally and internationally which included inquiry models and physics learning when the pandemic was used in this research. Data collection is done indirectly and in the form of secondary data. The results showed that 1) The application of the inquiry learning model during the COVID-19 pandemic in improving students' understanding and critical and creative thinking skills increased significantly. 2) The use of online learning tools based on inquiry learning models shows an increase in students' understanding of concepts and critical thinking skills. 3) Online learning tools are categorized as feasible for use in physics learning during the COVID-19 pandemic. 4) It takes a long time to implement the inquiry learning model as long as online learning media, especially e-modules, have not met the demands of 21st century learning

This research aims to analyze the application of discovery learning to physics learning during the COVID-19 pandemic. This research method is a study of literature and journals, as many as ten journals that can be accounted for related to the application of discovery learning research models to physics learning during the COVID-19 pandemic in Indonesia. The study was analyzed using qualitative descriptive analysis with paper review technique. It was concluded that: 1) The application of the discovery learning model to physics learning during the COVID-19 pandemic can improve student understanding, students’ critical thinking ability, and mastery of student concepts. 2) The use of online learning tools and discovery learning-based e-modules can improve students’ mastery of concepts in physics learning during the COVID-19 pandemic. 3) The advantages of the discovery learning model in physics learning during the COVID-19 pandemic are that it can improve cognitive abilities and form students’ disciplined and positive attitudes. 4) The flexibility of the discovery learning model in physics learning during the COVID-19 pandemic is that students have difficulty understanding the material, and teachers find it difficult to present the material, so the application of the discovery learning model in physics learning during the COVID-19 pandemic in Indonesia is not all effective.

The rapidly widespread spread of COVID-19 in Indonesia has made the Indonesian government make policies, one of its policies is to carry out distance learning activities. This study aims to analyze the effectiveness of using Google Classroom in science learning during the COVID-19 pandemic. This research uses a literature study by reviewing 30 articles or journals published in the 2018-2022 period and comes from Google Scholar and several international journals that come from trusted and accountable websites. The data obtained will then be analyzed using qualitative analysis. The results showed that: (1) The use of Google Classroom is effectively used in science learning during the COVID-19 pandemic, (2) The advantages of using Google Classroom in science learning during the COVID-19 pandemic are that it can improve analytical skills, improve science literacy skills, and grow students' character in science learning, (3) The weakness of using Google Classroom in science learning during the COVID-19 pandemic is that students have difficulty in receiving material, especially those that require calculations such as mathematics, chemistry, and physics