Background: Diabetes accounts for almost 6% of total global mortality, with 50% of diabetesassociated deaths being attributed to cardiovascular disease (CVD). Prevalence of type 2 diabetes in rural Bangladeshi and in urban Bangladeshi is found to be 7.2% and 10.5% respectively. People of developing countries suffer from the disease at earlier age than that of developed countries. Among the diabetic patients, vascular complications represent a major cause of morbidity and mortality. Diabetes is commonly accompanied by other cardiovascular risk factors: dyslipidemia, hypertension, and increased prothrombotic factors. Total plasma homocysteine (tHcy) is an emerging CVD risk factor. Insulin resistance and hyperinsulinemia in diabetes mellitus along with increased homocysteine is thought to cause endothelial dysfunction. Endothelial dysfunction together with other factors such as dyslipidemia, microalbuminemia etc. causes cardiovascular disease.Objectives: Objective of the study was to evaluate serum total homocysteine level and to correlate it with fasting lipid profile in type 2 diabetic patients.Methodology: This cross sectional study was conducted during the period of July 2011- June 2013 on 95 patients of type 2 diabetes mellitus, attending the Endocrine OPD of Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (BSMMU). The study was carried out in the Department of Biochemistry, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University, Shahbag, Dhaka. Study subjects were selected by purposive and convenient sampling technique.Result: Study subjects were categorized according to the presence or absence of hyperhomocysteinemia. Among the total study population hyperhomocysteinemia was found in 21.05 %. Among them number of male was greater. The study population had mean serum total cholesterol 198.34±39.62(mg/dl), triacylglycerol 198.91±116.71(mg/dl), LDL 126.75±35.38(mg/ dl), HDL 34.35±8.31(mg/dl), TC:HDL=15.67±6.07:1,and LDL:HDL=9.94±3.88:1 Independant sample t test showed that there was significant inverse association of hyperhomocysteinemia with HDL. Other parameters of lipid profile and lipid ratios did not show any significant association.Conclusions: Around one fifth of the type 2 diabetic patients had hyperhomocysteinemia. Significant inverse association was present between hyperhomocysteinemia and HDL. Other parameters of lipid profile and lipid ratios did not show any significant association.J Shaheed Suhrawardy Med Coll, June 2018, Vol.10(1); 42-46

Background: Type 2 diabetic patients are presented with dyslipidemia. Objective: The objective of this study was to see the association between the HbA1c and lipid profiles among the diabetic subjects. Methodology: The cross-sectional study was carried in the Department of Biochemistry at Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (BSMMU), Dhaka, Bangladesh on type 2 diabetic individual attending the endocrine OPD of BSMMU. In this study estimation of HbA1c level and lipid profiles in diabetic subjects were performed and was compared the lipid profiles between the controlled (HbA1c <7%) and uncontrolled (HbA1c >7%) groups. Result: A total number of 95 patients were recruited for this study. The mean age of the respondents was 42.63 ±5.56 years. Female (8.21± 1.88) had lower HbA1c than male (8.42±2.21) in the study. TC: HDL (6.07±1.02:1) and LDL: HDL (3.88±1.58:1) were also higher. Among the study population 30 had good (HbA1c<7 mg%) glycemic control and 14 of them were male and 16 were female. Those having good glycemic control had lower TG and HDL (176.72±88.83 vs 206.84±124.77mg/dl) and (32.84±7.78 vs 34.88±8.48 mg/dl); however, higher TC and LDL (201.56±34.73 vs 197.19 mg/dL) and (133.04±33.71 vs 124.30±35.97 mg/dL) than those having poor glycemic control. No statistically significant difference between these two groups were observed. Conclusion: Thus there is no statistical significant difference between HbA1c and lipid profile among type 2 diabetes mellitus patients. Journal of National Institute of Neurosciences Bangladesh, 2019;5(1): 72-75

Background: Dementia is a clinical syndrome with loss of cognitive function, thinking, remembering and reasoning. It also affects the behavioral abilities to such an extent that interfere one’s daily life and activities. Alzheimer’s disease is known as the most common form of dementia frequently affecting people with 65 years or more. Abnormal glycemic status carries a significant role for developing dementia in elderly individuals. The aim of this study was to assess the glycemic status of diabetic population suffering from dementia. Methods: This cross-sectional study was done in the Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, BIRDEM General Hospital from July 2018 to June 2019. According to inclusion criteria, after taking informed written consent from 222 respondents and their caregivers, a structured questionnaire (Addenbroke’s Cognitive Examination-ACE-III) was filled up for each subject to predict their ACE-III score. According to ACE-III score, the total study population were divided into two groups, as Group I- DM with Dementia (ACE-III score d” 70) and Group II- DM without Dementia (ACE-III score >70). Relevant biochemical parameters such as fasting and 2-hours after breakfast blood sugar and HbA1c level were measured by appropriate method. Statistical analysis was done with the help of SPSS software. Results: In this study, the differences between glycemic parameters (FBS 7.34± 1.86 mmol/L vs 6.52± 1.25 mmol/L, p <0.01, 2hrs ABF 11.94± 3.07 mmol/L vs 9.21±1.37 mmol/L, p <0.001 and HbA1c 8.80± 2.18% vs 6.41±0.64%, p < 0.001) between two groups were significant. A positive correlation of glycemic parameters were also found with dementia. Conclusion: This study concluded that glycaemic status was poor in diabetic patients with dementia than those without dementia. BIRDEM Med J 2023; 13(2): 76-80

A case control study was done during the period of July 2004 to 2005. The study was carried out in the Department of Biochemistry, Dhaka Medical College, Dhaka. 50 diagnosed chronic renal failure patients of both sexes not yet treated by dialysis and 50 age and sex matched healthy subjects were included in the study as case (Group-II) and control (Group-I) respectively. In this study, mean serum HS CRP concentration of CRF patients (50.938 ±38.88)mg/l found to be significantly elevated in comparison to control (1.12±.29mg/l). In CRF patients, serum HS CRP found to show a strong negative correlation with creatinine clearance and a strong positive correlation with blood urea, serum creatinine. This study shows an inverse linear relationship between HS CRP and CCRin contrast to the inverse curvilinear relationship found to exist between serum creatinine and creatinine clearance. Regression analysis between CCR and HS CRP shows a rise of HS CRP Y one unit (mg/l) is accompanied by creatinine clearance to be decreased by 0 .44ml/min. Mean serum HS CRP concentration in chronic renal failure increases significantly. Early phase of decreased CCR can not be detected by the serum creatinine because serum creatinine does not increase until there is significant fall ( 30 ml/min) of creatinine clearance. In contrast to this serum HS CRP begins to rise from the very beginning of the fall of creatinine clearance. So the early phase of decreased creatinine clearance could be detected by simultaneous rise of serum HS CRP. Key Words: HS CRP, CRF, CCR.     DOI = 10.3329/jom.v7i1.1356 J MEDICINE 2006; 7 : 10-14

Introduction: Long Acting Reversible Contraceptive (LARC) is one of the most popular method of family planning. The Aim of the study was to explore the effects of long-term use of Depomedroxyprogesterone acetate (DMPA) which is the most commonly used LARC, on serum lipid profile. Methods: This cross-sectional analytical study was carried out in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology of Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (BSMMU), Dhaka, during the period December 2015 to September 2016. A total 70 married women at the age range of 20-35 years attending, the family planning clinic of BSMMU were included in this study. Out of them 35 subjects who had been using DMPA for ³ two years uninterruptedly were considered as cases and another 35 subjects who did not use any hormonal contraceptives were labeled as control. In both the groups, age and BMI were matched. All the study subjects in both groups were apparently healthy. Fasting blood samples were collected from each subject for the estimation of Total Cholesterol (TC), Triglyceride (TG), High-density Lipoprotein Cholesterol (HDLC) and Low-density Lipoprotein Cholesterol (LDLC). The data were collected in a pre-designed data sheet and analyzed with student T-test for the statistical significance. Results: Serum TC and LDLC level in group-I (cases) were significantly higher compared to group-II (control) and the difference was statistically significant (p<0.05). Serum High-density Lipoprotein Cholesterol (HDLC) level in group-I was lower than group-II which was also statistically significant (p=0.001). Serum Triglyceride level in group-I was higher than group- II, however the difference was not statistically significant (p=0.177). Conclusion: DMPA use for ³ two years increases serum TC and LDLC and decrease serum HDLC, which may increase the risk of atherosclerosis. Bangladesh J Obstet Gynaecol, 2019; Vol. 34(2): 106-111