Background: BGISEQ-500 is a new desktop sequencer developed by BGI. Using DNA nanoball and combinational probe anchor synthesis developed from Complete Genomics™ sequencing technologies, it generates short reads at a large scale. Findings: Here, we present the first human whole-genome sequencing dataset of BGISEQ-500. The dataset was generated by sequencing the widely used cell line HG001 (NA12878) in two sequencing runs of paired-end 50 bp (PE50) and two sequencing runs of paired-end 100 bp (PE100). We also include examples of the raw images from the sequencer for reference. Finally, we identified variations using this dataset, estimated the accuracy of the variations, and compared to that of the variations identified from similar amounts of publicly available HiSeq2500 data. Conclusions: We found similar single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) detection accuracy for the BGISEQ-500 PE100 data (false positive rate [FPR] = 0.00020%, sensitivity = 96.20%) compared to the PE150 HiSeq2500 data (FPR = 0.00017%, sensitivity = 96.60%) better SNP detection accuracy than the PE50 data (FPR = 0.0006%, sensitivity = 94.15%). But for insertions and deletions (indels), we found lower accuracy for BGISEQ-500 data (FPR = 0.00069% and 0.00067% for PE100 and PE50 respectively, sensitivity = 88.52% and 70.93%) than the HiSeq2500 data (FPR = 0.00032%, sensitivity = 96.28%). Our dataset can serve as the reference dataset, providing basic information not just for future development, but also for all research and applications based on the new sequencing platform.

Corynebacterium parvum (CP), a kind of immunomodulator, has been well documented in immunotherapy to tumor. However, severe side effects, such as intrahepatic granulomas and scleromes in injected areas, restrict its clinical application. To minimize side effects of CP, a non-cell Corynebacterium parvum product (NCPP) was prepared by disposing CP with Nanotechnology. In present study, we compared effect of NCPP with that of CP and found: (1) NCPP with non-formaldehyde residue was easy to be absorbed without swelling and sclerome in local injected areas; (2) NCPP caused no obvious liver injury in murine and macaques; (3) NCPP maintained powerful anti-tumor activity, increased splenic index, elevated macrophage number, phagocytosis and production of hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2 ), and nitric oxide (NO); (4) Importantly, unparallel CP, NCPP could stimulate macrophages to produce low level of tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α) but high level of interferon-γ (IFN-γ), an inhibitor to fibrosis. Our study has led to the view that NCPP will evolve into a new valuable immunomodulator for clinical application.

Corynebacterium parvum (CP), a kind of immunomodulator, has been well documented in many diseases. Non-cell C. parvum product (NCPP) is a newly-found nano-preparation. To investigate the effect of NCPP on Con A-induced murine severe hepatitis, we pretreated mice with NCPP intraperitoneally. After 12 h, ConA (25 μg/g body wt) was injected intravenously to provoke severe hepatitis and the degree of liver injury was evaluated by serum transaminase analysis and heptatic tissue pathology. Results have shown that levels of serum transaminase and degree of liver injury in ConA/NCPP groups had significantly declined than those in ConA/PBS groups. Notably, results of flow cytometry have demonstrated that activation of CD4+T cells in ConA/NCPP groups has been down-regulated, compared with ConA/PBS groups. Further, levels of serum and KC-related nitric oxide (NO) was displayed significantly lower in ConA/NCPP groups than those in ConA/PBS groups. The results indicate that NCPP may alleviate ConA-induced hepatitis by reducing CD4+T activation and NO production.

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Background: Human papillomavirus (HPV) testing coupled with appropriate clinical management is associated with a significant decline in the rate of advanced cervical cancer and associated death. Methods: In this present study, we evaluated the performance of 2 new HPV genotyping methods, matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOFMS) and surface plasmon resonance (SPR) in 30 kinds of HPV control materials and in 129 cases of cervical smears including 79 HPV-positive samples screened from 1,600 abnormal clinical samples and 50 cervical cytology samples. Results: The HPV genotyping accuracy of both MALDI-TOFMS and SPR was 100% for the HPV genotyping of control materials. In the analysis of the 79 HPV-positive samples by MALDI-TOFMS, HPV positivity was 88.6% (70/79). Nine samples were non-high-risk HPV (non-HR-HPV), which were not targets of MALDI-TOFMS. In the analysis of the 50 cervical samples, the agreement of both tests was 84% with a ĸ value of 0.660. By using consensus results that mean agreement between 2 of 3 methods, the HR-HPV genotyping accuracy was 100% (77/77) by MALDI-TOFMS and 94.8% (73/77) by SPR in the 129 cervical samples. The sensitivity (88.2%; 82/93) and specificity (88.9%; 32/36) of MALDI-TOFMS were similar to those of SPR. Conclusion: These results support that MALDI-TOFMS is a sensitive, specific and feasible method for HR-HPV detection in clinical application, compared with the SPR method.