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This paper aims to analyze the factors affecting domestic value added in exports for seven Latin American countries (LAC) with a focus on the role played by foreign inputs. By using panel data with fixed effects model, the paper finds that foreign value added (FVA) in exports is a strong determinant of positive changes in domestic value added exports in Latin America. The paper also finds that institutions, tariffs and labor productivity are important determinants of changes in DVA in exports. Additionally, a sectoral analysis reveals the positive effect of FVA in exports on changes in DVA in exports in three sectors: Agriculture, manufacture and services. However, FVA in exports has no significant effect on DVA in exports in the mining sector. Overall, our results suggest countries to lower tariffs, to adopt policies that enhance the import of sophisticated intermediates inputs and to promote favorable business environment.

<p>General Secretary Jinping Xi pointed out that "In the process of promoting the reform of cultural system and the prosperity and development of cultural undertakings and industries, the relationship between ideological attributes and industrial attributes, social benefits and economic benefits should be grasped." The basic purpose of the establishment of the Ministry of Culture and Tourism in China is to promote the integration and development of cultural undertakings, cultural industries and tourism, to guide tourism with culture and to promote cultural development with tourism. Based on the current situation of the integration and development of cultural tourism in Chongqing, this paper analyzes its four major institutional obstacles and puts forward specific solutions.</p>

Higher education is an important symbol of state soft power. Constructing the discourse system of higher education with Chinese characteristics is of great significance to build a powerful country in higher education and enhance the international influence of higher education. The main ways to construct the discourse system of higher education with Chinese characteristics are as follows: first, we should take root in China, devote ourselves to the study of the realistic logic and Chinese problems during the development process of higher education in contemporary China and focus on creating new concepts, new categories and new expressions of higher education with originality and identity; the second is to integrate Chinese and Western cultures, realize the transformation of discourse logic of higher education, and demonstrate high-quality concepts of higher education and development models to other countries in the world; the third is to promote the modernization of higher education in an all-around ways with the support of constructing world-class universities and first-class disciplines, obtain discourse power in the academic and policy fields of international higher education, and show the world the Chinese road, Chinese model and Chinese experience during the development of higher education.