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Pattern making is one of the most important skill-based courses in fashion educationn curriculum, where students learn clothing construction through drafting, draping and creating basic pattern for garment production. The impact of textile waste and fast fashion to the environment has been widely discussed in the fashion realm, locally and globally. To address the issue, fashion education becomes the potential platform to integrate pattern making skill and sustainable innovation which can be delivered through teaching and learning activities. The ultimate goal of this research is to develop a framework of sustainable innovation in teaching and learning of pattern making skill for fashion educational programs. In the qualitative approach, the data were collected from document analyses, interviews and observations. 21 participants including fashion educators, designers and pattern makers are involved in interview sessions. The elements of sustainable innovation emerged from the thematic analysis are upcycling, zerowaste, minimization and technology advancement. The study suggests that: 1) The learning objective must be concise and include Design for disassembly, Up cycling and Transformational Cutting. 2) Learning activities to involve more peer and industry collaboration. 3) Teaching strategies to infuse more problem-based learning and be technologically inclined and 4) Assessment on sustainable innovation knowledge must be evaluated. The developed framework can be utilised as a guideline for higher education institutions to implement sustainable innovation specifically in the teaching and learning for pattern making skills.

Pattern making is one of the most important skill-based courses in fashion education, where students learn clothing construction through drafting, draping, and creating basic patterns for garment productions. Issues in fashion sustainability, such as textile waste and fast fashion, lead to this research. However, practices of sustainable innovation in local higher education institutions are still low compared to other countries. The objective of this research paper is to explore the current sustainable practices in teaching and learning pattern-making skills. A qualitative approach has been adopted to explore the current practices of teaching and learning in some local fashion institutions, and 21 fashion educators participated in semi-structured interview sessions. The results from the thematic analyses show six elements of sustainable innovation which currently being practised: minimization technique, pattern manipulation, upcycling, draping, digital learning, and innovative tools are part of the sustainable innovation practices. Keywords: Higher Education Research, Education for Sustainable Development, Innovation

Secretarial office technology management is crucial for the success of any modern organization. The advancement of technology during the globalization era resulted in the development of new skills in the secretarial profession. This study seeks to identify office technology management skills in secretaries' careers, with the goal of eventually contributing to the development of a competency framework for the secretarial profession. The study employed a qualitative research design. Content analysis was utilized, revealing 68 skills based on previous studies, 35 skills based on educational curriculum, and 36 skills based on job standards. Through thematic analysis of Behavioral Event Interview (BEI) data with eight secretaries from multinational corporations, 41 skills were identified. Both approaches share 38 skills in common, 10 of which were discovered through content analysis and five through interviews. The findings are presented as a Technical Office Technology Management Skills Framework for Secretaries, which includes four major constructs, 52 sub constructs, and 220 elements. It is critical to identify current secretarial technical skills so that secretaries can operate modern office equipment in accordance with changes in modern office automation.