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We assemble a sample of over 10,000 customer-supplier relationships and determine whether the customer owns equity in the supplier. We find that factors related to both contractual incompleteness and financial market frictions are important in the decision of a customer firm to take an equity stake in their supplier. Evidence on the variation in the size of observed equity positions suggests that there are limits to the size of optimal ownership stakes in many relationships. Finally, we find that relationships accompanied by equity ownership last significantly longer than other relationships, suggesting that ownership aids in bonding trading parties together. Copyright 2006 by The American Finance Association.

In deciding how much information about their firms' customers to disclose, managers face a trade off between the benefits of reducing information asymmetry with capital market participants and the costs of aiding competitors by revealing proprietary information. This paper investigates the determinants of managers' choices to disclose information about their firms' customers using a comprehensive data set of customer-information disclosures over the period . We find robust evidence in support of the hypothesis that proprietary costs are an important factor in firms' disclosure choices regarding information about large customers.

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