Introduction:The knowledge of anatomy of coronary arteries and their branches is a self-evident pre-requisite for better understanding of coronary artery disease or for more intelligent planning of surgery. The anatomy of sinoatrial node and its blood supply play an important role in the normal activity of the heart. The sinoatrial nodal artery has variations in origin, course and collaterals. The angle that the artery makes with its parent artery at its origin is clinically important as this angle interferes with the circulation and nourishment.

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Background and objectives: Moderator band is a specialized bridge present between the base of the anterior papillary muscle and interventricular septum. It carries the right branch of the bundle of HIS with it. The band is known to prevent the over distension of the right ventricle during the diastolic phase. There is a need of lot of research and studies on the septomarginal trabecula as it proves to be important clinically. Here we measured the length, breadth, height, angle with the interventricular septum, and the superficial marking of Moderator band on the sternocostal surface of the right ventricle is done. This paper describes the morphological variations found in its origin and insertion.Materials and Methods: 15 formalin-soaked cadaveric hearts were taken from the Department of Anatomy of KVG Medical College, Sullia. The foetal hearts, the hearts with gross pathology, if any are excluded from the study. Result:The morphometric parameters are tabulated and the morphological variations are noted. The results are compared with the results of the previous studies on the moderator band. Conclusion:It is confirmed that the thickness of moderator band varies at its origin and insertion. The surface marking of moderator band on sternocostal surface of the heart will help in locating the moderator band through the echocardiography and during cardiac surgeries on right ventricle. The possibility of second moderator band, multiple origin or insertion is more than 20%.

Introduction: Human heart is the organ which supplies blood to all tissues. But the heart itself requires proper nutrition to conduct impulses for the contraction of the heart normally. For the efficient functioning of the conducting system, the nutrition to it is essential. One of the components of the cardiac conducting system is atrioventricular node. The artery to the atrioventricular node also called as artery of Haas which arises from the right coronary artery in majority of cases. In some cases it arises from the left circumflex artery. Apart from the origin, the angle that the artery makes with its parent artery at the site of origin is clinically important, as this angle can determine the amount of circulation and nourishment.Materials and Methods: Sixty heart specimens obtained from the Department of Anatomy, Mysore Medical College, Mysore, over a period of two years, were studied by dissection method (37 hearts), corrosion cast (16 hearts), and arteriography (7 hearts).Observation and Results: The origin and the angle at the origin with parent artery were studied. In 80% of hearts the atrioventricular nodal artery arose from right coronary artery, in 8.3% of cases it arose from left circumflex artery. In 6.6% cases it arose from both right coronary and left circumflex arteries. In 5% of cases there was absence of a separate atrioventricular nodal artery. The angle it made with the parent trunk was observed in 57 hearts. In 66.1% of cases the artery was making obtuse angle, in 30.5% of cases it was at right angles and in 03.3% of cases it was making an acute angle at the site of origin from the parent trunk. There were two atrioventricular nodal arteries arising from right coronary artery which anastomosed with each other. Conclusion:The atrioventricular nodal artery is the main nourishing channel for the atrioventricular node of the conducting system of heart. The variations in origin, course and the angle it makes with the parent trunk at its origin, play an important role in the functioning of heart. No references were available about the angle of atrioventricular nodal artery at its origin from the parent trunk, which is the original work.

Background: Beehives are made up of wax, which are the natural glandular secretions of honeybees. One such huge beehive was incidentally noticed on the wall behind the Department of Anatomy, K.V.G. Medical College Sullia in 2012. The bees had already abandoned it and there were no bees even fluttering around. So we plucking it ensured that it was excised as a whole, instead of allowing it to get biodegraded. With assistance we got it to the Department. Objective: To study the architecture of this beehive and use of its wax to repair damaged dry human bones in the Department of Anatomy. Materials and Methods: Spirit lamp, spirit, Forceps, Cutting blades, quick fix, varnish, spatula and enamel paint were used for the study. Wax melted when heated at 62-65degree Celsius. Crude wax of the beehive was placed on the damaged bone by plucking a part of it. Then the bone was given a correct shape manually. Damaged bone part was repaired artistically using a hot spatula. Results: We could repair many damaged bones with this chunk of wax. Conclusion: This is a simple, cost effective, appropriate technique of bone repair in Anatomy. Regular maintenance of bones will prevent its damage. Thus bones can be used for a long period which can ensure percolation of right information to students of Anatomy.