Background: Abnormal uterine bleeding is any bleeding from uterus that is abnormal in volume, regularity and/or timing that has been present for the majority of the last 6 months [1] . Dilatation and curettage has long been gold standard for abnormal uterine bleeding but Hysteroscopy helps in direct visualization of the endometrial cavity and directed endometrial biopsy. The objective of this study was to find the accuracy of hysteroscopy in evaluation of abnormal uterine bleeding and to correlate and compare hysteroscopy findings with histopathology findings. Material and Method: A cross sectional study carried out in department of obstetrics and gynecology MGM medical college and MY hospital Indore India, on 90 married females with age more than 25 years with abnormal uterine bleeding who underwent Hysteroscopy, endometrial sampling and histopathological analysis with consent. The hysteroscopic and histopathologic findings obtained were compared. Study conclusion:The final results obtained showed a sensitivity and positive predictive value of 100% & 91.17 % respectively for hysteroscopy. Hysteroscopy is an accurate and feasible investigation for evaluating various causes of abnormal uterine bleeding especially endometrial pathologies. No complications related to the procedure were observed. Hysteroscopy was found to be 100% sensitive and 78% specific for AUB.

Background: Sexually transmitted infections (STIs) have a profound impact on sexual and reproductive health worldwide. At any point of time, globally more than 290 million women suffer from HPV infection, one of the most common STIs. There are only few studies from India reported regarding the prevalence of HPV and cervical abnormalities among HIV-positive women. This study was carried out to estimate the prevalence of HPV and other genital tract infection in HIV positive women and correlate HPV mRNA test and colposcopic findings with cyto-histopathology in HIV positive women who are not on antiretroviral therapy (ART). Secondary objective was to benefit HIV positive women by making them aware about the importance of screening, early detection and treatment of various lower genital tract infections, CIN and cancer cervix.Methods: cross sectional observational study was conducted in department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, NSCB medical college Jabalpur (M.P.) from March 2015 to August 2016 on 70 HIV positive women in whom anti-retroviral therapy was not started. This study was approved by institutional ethical committee. The data was recorded in predesign coded case report form and statistical analysis was performed using the STATA 12.1.Results: In the present study, prevalence of lower genital tract infections in HIV positive women not on ART was 30.0% and the prevalence of high risk HPV was 5.9%.Conclusions: The study concludes that diagnostic efficacy of HPV mRNA test has similar diagnostic value as that of histopathology report.

Background: Maternal mortality is the major indicator used to monitor maternal health. For every women, who dies, however, many suffer serious life threatening complications of pregnancy. Yet relatively little attention has been given to identifying a general category of morbidities that could be called near misses. Characterising near miss morbidity is valuable for monitoring the quality of hospital based case and for assessing incidence of life-threatening complications. Besides mortality data, the identication and accurate documentation of "near-miss" morbidity (a more sensitive index) is extremely important to assess the quality of health care systems. It can suitably guide to adopt appropriate measures to reduce maternal mortality and morbidity. Methods: A cross sectional observational study was conducted in department of obstetrics and gynecology, MGM medical college Indore (M.P.) over apeiod of 2 years. Out of all obstetric inpatients cases of near miss were taken, identied by WHO 2009 criteria. In all cases the demographic characteristics, frequency of near miss in each criteria, direct and indirect obstetric causes of maternal morbidity & mortality were noted .This study was approved by institutional ethical committee. The data was recorded in predesign coded case report form and statistical analysis was performed using the STATA12.1. Result: in the present study incidence of Near miss was 65.6, Maternal mortality ratio=558(2017) 590(2018) per 1 lakh live birth and Near miss to maternal death ratio was 11.4 Severe maternal outcome ratio=71.3 per 1000 live birth Conclusion: Maternal near miss reviews provide evidence of where the main problem in overcoming maternal mortality and morbidity may lie, and analysis can be done in practical terms and highlight the key areas requiring recommendations for health sector and community action as well as guidelines for improving clinical outcomes.

Background: Urinary incontinence is a common condition in pregnancy and postpartum. There are more than a thousand articles on urinary incontinence (UI) in pregnancy but very limited literature from Indian subcontinent is available. Incidence and prevalence figures of UI in association with pregnancy vary substantially. Not many reviews have focused solely on incidence and prevalence of UI in association with pregnancy. Prevalence of UI in pregnancy ranges from 32% to 64%.Methods: A cross sectional observational study was conducted in the department of obstetrics and gynecology, MGM Medical College and M.Y. Hospital, Indore over the period of 6 months on 1000 pregnant women who were following antenatal care (ANC) clinic. Pregnant women, who were severely sick, diagnosed with kidney or urinary infection and vaginal infections women were excluded from the study. The data were collected using a structured questionnaire. After the purpose of the study was explained, written consent was obtained from each voluntary participant. This study was approved by institutional ethical committee. The data was recorded in predesign coded case report form and statistical analysis was performed using the STATA 12.1.Results: In the present study the prevalence of urinary incontinence reported is 16.4% of women during pregnancy.Conclusions: In this study the prevalence of UI during current pregnancy was found to be lower compared to previous studies conducted. The previous history of surgery, constipation, obesity and respiratory problems were found to be significantly associated with UI during pregnancy.

Background- Placental abruption is a relatively rare but serious complication of pregnancy and placed the well-being of both mother and fetus at risk. Placental abruption is also called abruptio placentae. The estimated incidence is around 1% of all pregnancies. Despite being a relatively rare occurrence, placental abruption needs urgent intervention. Most placental abruptions happen before 37 weeks of pregnancy. Maternal morbidity and neonatal mortality are primarily caused by placental abruption. Despite the fact that blood transfusions are available, maternal deaths are nonetheless uncommon and higher than the overall maternal mortality rate. Preterm birth, low birth weight, perinatal hypoxia, stillbirth, and neonatal mortality are all neonatal consequences. Even with better prenatal care and monitoring methods, the rate of placental abruption has been rising in several nations. The present study Material and Method- is a prospective study done in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, M.G.M Medical College and M.Y Hospital, Indore, over a period of 1 year from March 2021 to February 2022.. All cases are admitted in Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, M.G.M Medical College and M.Y Hospital, Indore. The study will include prospective cases for 1 year from ethics committee Inclusion Criteria- 1. All cases of concealed and revealed abruption with gestational age > 28 weeks till term. 2. All abruption with clinical symptoms of sudden onset abdominal pain, vaginal bleeding and uterine tenderness 3. All patients of abruptio placentae diagnosed on USG ndings. Exclusion Criteria- 1. All patients who come with the history of Ante partum hemorrhage but are having local (vaginal/cervical)causes excluded. 2. All patients referred to the hospital for the management of post-partum complications. 3. All other causes of APH like placenta previa and other extra placental causes. Result- Majority of the study population were booked multigravida in the age group of 26-30 years of low socioeconomic status with B+ blood group with anemia and gestational hypertension as risk factors.Most of them underwent LSCS with Shock and sepsis as complications 80% study participants had live and healthy baby. 20% had perinatal death. 47.9% of the babies were low birth weight and 25% required resuscitation Without a doubt, abruptio placent Conclusion- ae is a potentially serious obstetric condition that has the potential to threaten mother health and wellbeing, foetal viability, neonatal mortality, and morbidity. We found that important risk factors for abruptio placenta are multiparty, unbooked status, living in a rural area, maternal anaemia, and hypertension and also it is independent risk factor for perinatal mortality. From the present study we conclude that to prevent and lessen the severity of the situation early intervention, prompt delivery, and strengthening of safe motherhood services, particularly in remote regions will be helpful.