Bacillus subtilis strain CL2 is antagonistic to wolfberry postharvest pathogenic fungi. In this study, we isolated and screened this strain for in vitro experiments. The result of the two-sealed-base-plates method revealed that volatile organic compounds (VOCs) emitted from the strain CL2 inhibited the hyphal growth of four pathogenic fungi Mucor circinelloides LB1, Fusarium arcuatisporum LB5, Alternaria iridiaustralis LB7, and Colletotrichum fioriniae LB8. After exposure to VOCs for 5 days, the hyphal growth of the pathogen C. fioriniae LB8 was inhibited by 73%. Scanning electron microscopy revealed that the VOCs produced by B. subtilis CL2 caused the mycelium morphology of the pathogenic fungi to deform, twist, fold, and shrink. In the in vivo experiments, we noticed that VOCs could significantly reduce the weight loss rate of wolfberry fruits caused by the pathogenic fungus M. circinelloides LB1 and that the decay incidence rate were caused by the pathogenic fungi F. arcuatisporum LB5, A. iridiaustralis LB7, and C. fioriniae LB8. On the basis of the headspace-gas chromatography-ion mobility spectrometry analysis, seven VOCs produced by strain CL2 were identified. Among them, 2,3-butanedione and 3-methylbutyric acid are the main antifungal active substances. This study investigated the antifungal properties of VOCs produced by the strain CL2 on postharvest pathogenic fungi isolated from wolfberry fruits both in vivo and in vitro, thereby providing the theoretical basis for its future applications. K E Y W O R D S antifungal activity, Bacillus subtilis CL2, HS-GC-IMS, volatile organic compounds (VOCs), wolfberry 1 | INTRODUCTION Wolfberry (Lycium barbarum. L) is a deciduous shrub plant belonging to the family Solanaceae, which is also known as Goji Berry [1]. Being the conventional Chinese medicinal herb for over 2000 years now, wolfberry fruits contain a variety of bioactive substances such as L. barbarum polysaccharide [2], carotenoids, betaine, vitamins, and cerebroside bioactive substances that have now been recognized as the latest "superfruit" in the world [3]. Because

Thirteen micro-organic strains were isolated from rotten pepper fruits, and four kinds of bacterium and two kinds of fungus were identified as the postharvest pathogens through Koch's postulates and ITS, 16S sequences. Five plant-sourced essential oils and a monomer, 1, 8-cineole, were used for in vitro bacteriostatic activity test, and results showed that Artemisia scoparia, Artemisia annua and 1,8-cineole had strong antibacterial activity and were suitable for follow-up fresh-keeping experiments. The

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Rose pure dew is commonly used in food and cosmetic industries. A bacterial was isolated from rose pure dew, followed, the morphological, physiological, biochemical, and molecular biology were used to the identification. The pathogenicity of the strain and the broad‐spectrum antibacterial activity of pure dew were detected. The strain was subjected to testing at temperature gradients as well as to antibacterial tests against food preservatives and drugs. The isolate was considered as Burkholderia cepaciaMG1 carrying toxicity‐related genes. The antibacterial test revealed that only B. cepaciaMG1 could grow normally in pure dew, with the optimum inactivation condition of 52°C for 15 min. It is sensitive to ε‐polylysine hydrochloride, sodium diacetate, kanamycin, nalidixic acid, and ofloxacin. The tested antibiotics could inhibit the pathogen, which provides a theoretical basis for the treatment of patients infected. It is necessary to control the quality of rose pure dew productions, which is helpful for our health. Practical applications Microbial contamination of food or insufficient/inefficient sterilization during food processing or production can bring about significant economic losses to the food industry as well as pose a serious threat to the health of consumers. In this study, B. cepaciaMG1 was isolated from Ku shui rose dew, and the pathogenicity of the identified isolate was established. Accordingly, the prevention and treatment of B. cepaciaMG1‐contaminated food were conducted by temperature treatment or the use of food preservatives and antibiotics so as to provide a scientific theoretical reference for the prevention and treatment of B. cepaciaMG1 contamination in the food industry.

Aims Electroactive micro‐organisms play a significant role in microbial fuel cells. It is necessary to discover potential resources in plant endophytes. In this study, plant tissues were selected to isolate endophytic bacteria, and the electrochemical activity potential was evaluated. Methods and results The microbial fuel cell (MFC) is used to evaluate the electricity‐producing activity of endophytic bacteria in plant tissues, and the species distribution of micro‐organisms in the anode of the MFC after inoculation of plant tissues is determined by high‐throughput sequencing. Twenty‐six strains of bacteria were isolated from plant tissues belonging to Angelica and Sweet Potato, of which 17 strains from six genera had electrochemical activity, including Bacillus sp., Pleomorphomonas sp., Rahnella sp., Shinella sp., Paenibacillus sp. and Staphylococcus sp. Moreover, the electricity‐producing micro‐organisms in the plant tissue are enriched. Pseudomonas and Clostridioides are the dominant genera of MFC anode inoculated with angelica tissue. Staphylococcus and Lachnoclostridium are the dominant genera in MFC anode inoculated with sweet potato tissue. And the most representative Gram‐positive strain Staphylococcus succinus subsp. succinus H6 and plant tissue were further analysed for electrochemical activity. And a strain numbered H6 and plant tissue had a good electrogenerating activity. Conclusion This study is of great significance for expanding the resource pool of electricity‐producing micro‐organisms and tapping the potential of plant endophytes for electricity‐producing. Significance and Impact of Study This is the first study to apply plant endophytes to MFC to explore the characteristics of electricity production. It is of great significance for exploring the diversity of plant endophytes and the relationship between electricity producing bacteria and plants.