Photoacoustic (PA) imaging agents detect disease tissues and biomarkers with increased penetration depth and enhanced spatial resolution relative to traditional optical imaging, and thus hold great promise for clinical applications. However, existing PA imaging agents often encounter the issues of slow body excretion and low‐signal specificity, which compromise their capability for in vivo detection. Herein, a fluoro‐photoacoustic polymeric renal reporter (FPRR) is synthesized for real‐time imaging of drug‐induced acute kidney injury (AKI). FPRR simultaneously turns on both near‐infrared fluorescence (NIRF) and PA signals in response to an AKI biomarker (γ‐glutamyl transferase) with high sensitivity and specificity. In association with its high renal clearance efficiency (78% at 24 h post‐injection), FPRR can detect cisplatin‐induced AKI at 24 h post‐drug treatment through both real‐time imaging and optical urinalysis, which is 48 h earlier than serum biomarker elevation and histological changes. More importantly, the deep‐tissue penetration capability of PA imaging results in a signal‐to‐background ratio that is 2.3‐fold higher than NIRF imaging. Thus, the study not only demonstrates the first activatable PA probe for real‐time sensitive imaging of kidney function at molecular level, but also highlights the polymeric probe structure with high renal clearance.

Discriminative detection of invasive and noninvasive breast cancers is crucial for their effective treatment and prognosis. However, activatable probes able to do so in vivo are rare. Herein, we report an activatable polymeric reporter (P‐Dex) that specifically turns on near‐infrared (NIR) fluorescent and photoacoustic (PA) signals in response to the urokinase‐type plasminogen activator (uPA) overexpressed in invasive breast cancer. P‐Dex has a renal‐clearable dextran backbone that is linked with a NIR dye caged with an uPA‐cleavable peptide substrate. Such a molecular design allows P‐Dex to passively target tumors, activate NIR fluorescence and PA signals to effectively distinguish invasive MDA‐MB‐231 breast cancer from noninvasive MCF‐7 breast cancer, and ultimately undergo renal clearance to minimize the toxicity potential. Thus, this polymeric reporter holds great promise for the early detection of malignant breast cancer.

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Conjugated microporous polymers bearing phosphonate ligands are stable and efficient for uranium extraction under highly acidic and strong radioactive conditions.

Discriminative detection of invasive and noninvasive breast cancers is crucial for their effective treatment and prognosis.H owever,a ctivatable probes able to do so in vivo are rare.H erein, we report an activatable polymeric reporter (P-Dex) that specifically turns on near-infrared (NIR) fluorescent and photoacoustic (PA) signals in response to the urokinase-type plasminogen activator (uPA) overexpressed in invasive breast cancer.P -Dex has ar enal-clearable dextran backbone that is linked with aN IR dye caged with an uPAcleavable peptide substrate.Such amolecular design allows P-Dex to passively target tumors,a ctivate NIR fluorescence and PA signals to effectively distinguish invasive MDA-MB-231 breast cancer from noninvasive MCF-7 breast cancer,a nd ultimately undergo renal clearance to minimize the toxicity potential. Thus,this polymeric reporter holds great promise for the early detection of malignant breast cancer.