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There has been increased interest in using stem cells for regenerative medicine and cancer therapy in the past decade. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are among the most studied stem cells due to their unique characteristics, such as self-renewal and developmental potency to differentiate into numerous cell types. MSC use has fewer ethical challenges compared with other types of stem cells. Although a number of studies have reported the beneficial effects of MSC-based therapies in treating various diseases, their contribution to cancer therapy remains controversial. The behaviour of MSCs is determined by the interaction between intrinsic transcriptional genes and extrinsic environmental factors. Numerous studies continue to emerge, as there is no denying the potential of MSCs to treat a wide variety of human afflictions. Therefore, the present review article provided an overview of MSCs and their differences compared with embryonic stem cells, and described the molecular mechanisms involved in maintaining their stemness. In addition, the article examined the therapeutic application of stem cells in the field of cancer. The present article also discussed the current divergent roles of MSCs in cancer therapy and the future potential in this field.

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excessive adipose tissue accumulation is an increasing health problem worldwide. The present study aimed to determine differentially expressed genes (deGs) that are associated with the excessive accumulation of adipose tissues by Pcr arrays in an excess dietary intake animal model. For this purpose, male Sprague dawley rats were randomly assigned to 2 groups: control (given an ordinary diet) and experimental (given twice the amount of the ordinary diet). after 2 months of feeding, the abdominal cavities of the rats from each group were opened, then subcutaneous and visceral adipose tissues were removed. The adipose tissues collected were then used for total rna extraction and then reverse transcribed to cdna, which was then used as a template to identify the deGs of 84 transcripts for rat obesity by rT 2 Profiler PCR Arrays. The results showed significant downregulation of bombesin-like receptor 3 (BrS3) and uncoupling protein 1 (ucP1) in visceral adipose tissues of experimental rats compared with those of the control rats, and differential gene expression analysis showed an association with fat cell differentiation and regulation of triglyceride sequestration, as well as fatty acid binding. The gene expression patterns observed in the present study, which may be associated with peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ (PParG) on excessive visceral adipose tissue accumulation, may be useful in identifying a group of surrogate biomarkers for the early diet-induced accumulation of visceral adipose tissue detection in humans. The biomarkers can also be the specific targets for drug development to reduce excessive visceral adipose tissue accumulation in the body and its associated diseases.

This study indicates the presence of quercetin in subfraction F1 and the standardized value of F1 derived from research using ultra-performance liquid chromatography (UPLC) and AlCl3 colorimetric assays, which further proved that both F1 and quercetin are potential growth inhibitors in MDA-MB-231 cells by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. In the process, staining of F1-treated cells with annexin/propidium iodide (PI) reduced cell proliferation and induced only S and G2 phases of cell cycle arrest in the treated cells by flow cytometry. Quercetin reduced cell proliferation by inducing apoptosis and S phase arrest. The 5′-bromo-2′-deoxyuridine (BrdU) incorporation of DNA synthesis in MDA-MB-231 cells was also inhibited after F1 and quercetin treatments. F1 and quercetin induced CYP1A1 and CYP1B1 gene expression, but only F1 induced CYP2S1 gene expression in the treated cells. Both F1 and quercetin inhibited the proliferation of MDA-MB-231 cells in different ways, but F1 is likely a better potential anticancer agent derived from the green approach towards breast cancer treatment.