Homopolymers of cetyldimethyl(4-viny1benzyl)ammonium chloride (VB 16), lauryldimethyl(4-vinylbenzyl)ammonium chloride (VB 12), and trimethyl (4-vinylbenzy1)ammonium chloride (VBI), and copolymers of these compounds with acrylonitrile were examined for antibacterial activity using B. subtilis, S. aureus, E. coli, and P. aeruginosa. All homopolymers and copolymers showed germicidal action to the bacterias, especially strong action to gram-positive B. subtilis and S. aureus. The strength of the germicidal action of the quaternary ammonium branches was in the order: VB16 > VB12 % VB1. ZUSAMMENFASSUNG:Die antibakterielle Wirkung von Homopolymeren von Cetyldimethyl(4-vinyl-benzy1)ammoniumchlorid (VB16), huryldimethyl(4-vinylbenzyl)ammoniumchlorid (VB 12) und Trimethyl(4-vinylbenzyl)ammoniumchlorid (VB 1) und deren Copolymeren mit Acrylnitril wurde untersucht. Alle Homo-und Copolymeren wirkten bei den getesteten Bakterienarten -B. subtilis, S. aureus, E. coli und P. aeruginosakeimtotend. Besonders starke Effekte zeigten sich bei gram-positiven B.-subtilis-und S.-aureus-Kulturen. Die keimtotende Wirkung nahm in der Reihe VB16 > VB12 % VBl ab.

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SynopsisThe complex piezoelectric, dielectric, and elastic constants of oriented poly( y-methyl L-glutamate) (PMLG) films, treated with ethylene diamine to introduce more hydrophilic groups into the side chains, are changed drastically by hydration. In dynamic mechanical measurements below O"C, stiffening and plasticizing actions of bound water are observed in hydrated films. This seems to be caused by water bound particularly by the hydrophilic -NH2 groups in the noncrystalline region of the modified PMLG structure. The piezoelectric constant of hydrated modified film exhibits a steep increase beginning at about -50°C and passes through a maximum a t about -10°C. The steep increase around -50°C may be caused mainly by increasing electric conduction (and also by the increase of the dielectric constant and the decrease of the elastic constant) in the noncrystalline region of the modified PMLG structure. On the other hand, the decrease above -10°C may be caused by increasing electric conduction, probably surface conduction of the dispersed crystalline ( i.e., piezoelectric) regions and electrode polarization. These effects may be enhanced by bound water, particularly around the hydrophilic -NH2 groups.

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