Domestic violence against females is a very common issue In any culture, religion and ethnicity and several reasons are found to be related with it which probably cause serious health outcomes. The study was undertaken to examine the perceived stress, life satisfaction and self-esteem among females facing domestic violence. It was a correlation research study being conducted in three different centers i.e. Dar-ul-Amaan, Dastak Shelter Homes and Shaheed Benazir Bhutto Human Rights Centre for Women, Lahore Pakistan. Total sample size was 100 subjects who were selected for data collection. Purposive sampling technique was used for data collection, Perceived Stress Scale (PSS) was used for measuring mental stress level [1], Satisfaction with Life Scale (SWLS) and Rosenberg Self-esteem Scale (RSE) were used to measure a singular's emotions of self-esteem [2, 3]. The data was analyzed using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS version 18.0) by keeping 0.05 level of significance. A total of 80 subjects were approached in the study, weak negative relationship between perceived stress and life satisfaction was r (80) =-0.385, p<0.001 and our hypothesis I was accepted; A linear regression analysis revealed that perceived stress was a significant predictor of life satisfaction (β=0.40, p= 0.008) accounting for 16% of the variance in life satisfaction. Concerning the relationship between perceived stress and self-esteem highlights an insignificant relationship was found; r(80)=0.145, p=0.705 thus Hypothesis II was rejected. Also the relationship between life satisfaction and self-esteem was not significant r(80)=0.043, p=0.199 and hypothesis III was rejected. There was considerable negative relationship observed between perceived stress and life satisfaction among females facing domestic violence, an insignificant relationship between life satisfaction and self-esteem and similarly insignificant relationship between perceived stress and self-esteem was found among females facing domestic violence.

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Summary Acid washing of the biomass and impregnating it into the catalyst are two useful techniques for promoting bio‐products generated during the pyrolysis process. This study investigated the potential of these pretreatment methods on the composition of bio‐products resulting from the pyrolysis of chickpea husk (ChH). To improve the quantity and quality of bio‐oil, the ChH was pretreated with HCl acid‐washing, and nickel (1‐10 wt%)/cerium (0.1‐0.3 wt%) impregnation. The bio‐oil yield increased by acid treatment (from 42.9 to 45.2 wt%), while impregnation with Ni and Ce had a maximum yield in a certain concentration (47.2 wt% bio‐oil in loading of 1% Ni and 0.1% Ce). Acid‐washing reduced the acidic and oxygenated compound concentrations (aldehydes, ketones, ethers, and esters) (from 27.01% to 15.27%) and also led to an increase in the efficiency of sugar compounds in bio‐oil (from 19.63% to 31.85%). Impregnation of acid‐washed ChH (AChH) with Ni and Ce increased the calorific value of bio‐oil with high amounts of furfural, D‐allose, LAC, levoglucosan (LG), and toluene and yielded a high amount of hydrogen. The raw and modified biomass characteristics were determined utilizing CHNS, TGA‐DTG, XRF, and FESEM‐EDS techniques. The bio‐products were investigated by GC‐TCD, CHNS, GC‐MS, and ICP‐OES analyzers. This study's findings help convert agricultural waste, such as ChHs that are generally burned by processing industries, which leads to pollution of the environment and wasting the contained energy in them, into valuable bio‐products with various applications.

Background During the COVID-19 pandemic, healthcare workers were exposed to risk of physical and mental health status. The aim of this study was evaluation of Mental Health Status during Covid-19 pandemic in healthcare workers in Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences. Methods In total, 2552 healthcare wokers that work in 24 hospitals and 212 Comprehensive health centers were enrolled in this cross-sectional study. All healthcare professional (clinical and none clinical staffs) who had been working in the hospitals and health center of AJUMS during the COVID-19 pandemic were surveyed. The three questionnaires consist of demographic, PHQ9, Kessler Scale were distributed across social media. Results The mean age of participants was 37.94 ± 8.07 years and 25.3% of participation was male. There was significant difference between mean score of Kessler and PHQ9 Scale on males and females (P < 0.001). Also the results showed a significant difference between depression, anxiety, and stress and working on intensive care unit. According to result of the Kessler scale 27% of participants had moderate to severe. A majority of the respondents (65.5%) in all professions had moderate to severe mental distress scores according to the Kessler scale. The results of logistic regression model illustrated that the effect of gender, work place, supporting by families and collogues, job satisfaction and feel the stress of media coverage of COVID 19 was significant on depression and anxiety (P < 0.05). Conclusions The present study revealed that medical and health worker suffer from great mental health problems. In this study, up to one-fifth of medical staff had stress, anxiety or depression symptoms and more than half of them had psychological distress.