DWI may be able to be used in place of FDG-PET to distinguish malignant from benign pulmonary nodules/masses with fewer false-positive results compared with FDG-PET.

Results demonstrate the increased diagnostic confidence obtained with fused SPECT/CT images compared with separate sets of scintigraphic and CT images in differentiating malignant from benign bone lesions.

Diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging can be used in place of positron emission tomography-computed tomography for N staging of non-small cell lung cancer with fewer false-positive results compared with positron emission tomography-computed tomography.

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Background We developed a new combined 99m Tcgalactosyl human serum albumin (GSA) scintigraphy single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT)/CT system to evaluate the changes in functional liver volume with portal vein embolization (PVE). Methods We performed a prospective analysis of 25 patients treated with right PVE, and evaluated their functional liver volume perioperatively with a 99m Tc-GSA scintigraphy SPECT-CT fusion system. The percentage of the non-tumorous remnant liver volume (%LV) and the percentage of functional remnant liver volume (%FLV) were estimated by using the following calculations: (future remnant volume -tumor volume)/(total liver volumetumor volume) and functional future remnant liver volume/ functional total liver volume, respectively. Results Before PVE, the correlation was strongly significant between %LV and %FLV of the non-embolized liver, and the data were nearly equal (the regression coefficient was 1.005, P \ 0.0001). In contrast, after PVE, there was a significant correlation between %LV and %FLV (P \ 0.0001), but the regression coefficient was 1.192. The % LV increased significantly, from 38.1 to 52.0%, and the increment was 13.9% (P \ 0.0005). The %FLV was also increased significantly, from 36.6 to 58.0%, and the increment was 21.4% (P \ 0.0001). The increment was 7.5% greater for the %FLV compared to that of the %LV (P \ 0.001).Conclusions The 99m Tc-GSA scintigraphy SPECT-CT fusion system can estimate the correct functional liver volume and is useful in comparison with conventional CT volumetry.