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A rapid, semiautomatic system of microchemical analysis for the clinical chemistry laboratory has been proposed. Five basic elements of this system are: (1) The use of siliconated-heparinized plasma. (2) The use of the calibrated-pipet-tip buret technic for measuring small (0.10-ml.) samples. (3) The use of the decantation principle as a precision step in making quantitative transfers. (4) The use of automatic syringe pipets for adding constant volumes of reagents, (5) The use of specific enzymatic methods, whenever these are applicable, for the determination of biologic constituents. The analytic system has already been applied to the determination of such important biologic constituents as glucose, urea nitrogen, phosphorus, acid and alkaline phosphatases, sodium and potassium, calcium, and total protein. The semiautomatic system permits the use of microprocedures in a clinical chemistry laboratory by persons of limited technical skill.

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Previous reports have dealt with application of a tryptophan method for determination of serum total (19) and gamma (20) globulins and CSF total globulins (21). The method has now been extended to the determination of urinary globulins. Total urinary protein (including mucoprotein) was determined with the Lowry procedure after perchloric acid-acetone precipitation. Normal values on morning samples (32 subjects) are: T.P., 24.0 ± 19.6 mg./100 ml.; protein (albumin plus globulin), 6.9 ± 4.3 mg./100 ml.; mucoprotein, 17.1 ± 16.3; globulin, 4.4 ± 2.4, albumin, 2.5 ± 2.4; and A/G ratio, 0.58 ± .4 S.D. Preliminary data on patients with a variety of kidney ailments indicate that an increase in the urinary globulin fraction is a sensitive indicator of early renal damage.