Once lipids are oxidized, various volatiles are produced by cleavage of the fatty acid side chain. Considering the variety of lipids present in the body, a large number of possible volatiles might originate from oxidized lipids. However, only specific volatiles such as aldehydes are exclusively examined in current studies, and there is no reported method for the exhaustive analysis of all volatiles. We developed a sensitive analytical method for the detection of all possible volatiles for multimarker profiling, applying a new extraction method called in-tube extraction. Oxidized phosphatidyl choline standards were prepared in vitro and analyzed in order to determine the potential variety of volatiles. Over 40 compounds, including alcohols, ketones, and furanones, were identified in addition to the aldehydes reported previously. Based on this result, we applied our analytical method to mouse plasma and identified 12 volatiles, including 1-octen-3-ol, which is correlated to disease states. To determine the volatile profile after oxidation, we oxidized plasma in vitro under various conditions and identified 27 volatiles, including 1-octen-3-ol and benzaldehyde. The generation capacity of each volatile was different. This method allows sensitive and exhaustive analysis of various volatiles in addition to aldehydes.

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Cyclic nigerosylnigerose (CNN) is a cyclic tetrasaccharide with properties distinct from those of other conventional cyclodextrins. We investigated the relative available energy of CNN in healthy humans. CNN digestibility was determined using brush border membrane vesicles from the small intestines of rats. CNN was not hydrolyzed by rat intestinal enzymes. To investigate breath hydrogen excretion, thirteen human subjects were included in a double-blind cross-over, randomized, placebo-controlled study. The effects of CNN on hydrogen excretion were compared with those of a typical nondigestible, fermentable fructooligosaccharide (FOS). In the study participants, hydrogen excretion hardly increased upon CNN and was remarkably lower than for FOS. The available energy value was determined using the fermentability based on breath hydrogen excretion and was evaluated as 0 kcal/g for CNN. CNN was hardly metabolized and hence may be used as a low-energy dietary fiber.

A dynamic headspace extraction method (DHS) with high-pressure injection is described. is dynamic extraction method has superior sensitivity to solid phase micro extraction, SPME and is capable of extracting the entire gas phase by purging the headspace of a vial. Optimization of the DHS parameters resulted in a highly sensitive volatile pro ling system with the ability to detect various volatile components including alcohols at nanogram levels. e average LOD for a standard volatile mixture was 0.50 ng mL, and the average LOD for alcohols was 0.66 ng mL −1. is method was used for the analysis of volatile components from biological samples and compared with acute and chronic in ammation models. e method permitted the identi cation of volatiles with the same pro le pattern as in vitro oxidized lipid-derived volatiles. In addition, the concentration of alcohols and aldehydes from the acute in ammation model samples were signi cantly higher than that for the chronic in ammation model samples. e di erent pro les between these samples could also be identi ed by this method. Finally, it was possible to analyze alcohols and lowmolecular-weight volatiles that are di cult to analyze by SPME in high sensitivity and to show volatile proling based on multi-volatile simultaneous analysis.Please cite this article as: Mass Spectrom (Tokyo) 2015; 4(1): A0034

There were two errors in Mass Spectrometry 2: A0018 (2013).The oven temperature was incorrectly stated in the text on page 2 of 8. The true value is 230°C, not 280°C (Analytical method, paragraph 1, line 13), and 2,4-nonadienal was inadvertently omitted after 2-ethyl-1-hexanol in page 6 of 8 (Volatile analysis of oxidized mouse plasma, paragraph 3, line 16). The sentence should read "The ratio of isopropyl alcohol, 2-methyl-1-propanol, 1-hexanol, 2-ethyl-1-hexanol and 2,4-nonadienal in each oxidant sample did not change."The authors apologize to the readers for these errors.