A novel strain Vibrio aphrogenes sp. nov. strain CA-1004T isolated from the surface of seaweed collected on the coast of Mie Prefecture in 1994 [1] was characterized using polyphasic taxonomy including multilocus sequence analysis (MLSA) and a genome based comparison. Both phylogenetic analyses on the basis of 16S rRNA gene sequences and MLSA based on eight protein-coding genes (gapA, gyrB, ftsZ, mreB, pyrH, recA, rpoA, and topA) showed the strain could be placed in the Rumoiensis clade in the genus Vibrio. Sequence similarities of the 16S rRNA gene and the multilocus genes against the Rumoiensis clade members, V. rumoiensis, V. algivorus, V. casei, and V. litoralis, were low enough to propose V. aphrogenes sp. nov. strain CA-1004T as a separate species. The experimental DNA-DNA hybridization data also revealed that the strain CA-1004T was separate from four known Rumoiensis clade species. The G+C content of the V. aphrogenes strain was determined as 42.1% based on the genome sequence. Major traits of the strain were non-motile, halophilic, fermentative, alginolytic, and gas production. A total of 27 traits (motility, growth temperature range, amylase, alginase and lipase productions, and assimilation of 19 carbon compounds) distinguished the strain from the other species in the Rumoiensis clade. The name V. aphrogenes sp. nov. is proposed for this species in the Rumoiensis clade, with CA-1004T as the type strain (JCM 31643T = DSM 103759T).

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The strain number is missing in the description of V. aphrogenes in the first and second paragraphs under the subheading "Description of Vibrio aphrogenes sp. nov." in the Results and discussion section. Please see the corrected paragraph below. Description of Vibrio aphrogenes sp. nov.V. aphrogenes sp. nov. (aph.ro'ge.nes. Gr. n. aphros, foam; Gr. suff. -genes, producing; N.L. adj. aphrogenes, foam-producing, referring to gas formation of the strain).Gram-negative, facultative anaerobic, non-motile rods isolated from surface of seaweed collected in Mie Prefecture in Japan. Colonies on ZoBell 2216E agar medium were cream or transparent white, round, and smooth on the edge. No flagellum was observed. Sodium ion is essential for growth. Growth occurs at NaCl concentrations of 1.0 to 10.0% and at temperatures between 4 and 40˚C. V. aphrogenes tested positive for production of alginase, lipase and DNase, oxidase, catalase, gas production from D-glucose, arginine dihydrolase, and is able to assimilate D

This paper focuses on the change of named entities over time and its influence on the performance of the named entity tagger. First, we analyze Japanese named entities which appear in Mainichi Newspaper articles published in 1995, 1996, 1997, 1998 and 2005. This analysis reveals that the number of named entity types and the number of named entity tokens are almost steady over time and that 70 ∼ 80% of named entity types in a certain year occur in the articles published either in its succeeding year or in its preceding year. These facts lead that 20 ∼ 30% of named entity types are replaced with new ones every year. The experiment against these texts shows that our proposing semi-supervised method which combines a small annotated corpus and a large unannotated corpus for training works robustly although the traditional supervised method is fragile against the change of name entity distribution.