At the end of 2019 China was shocked by a very deadly virus outbreak, Covid-19. Then in 2020, this virus outbreak became a global pandemic that resulted in many life settings being forced to change suddenly, one of which was teaching and learning activities in schools. Indonesia also immediately adjusts the conditions to minimize the spread of this virus. Schools and universities agreed to change learning activities towards distance learning systems. However, the poor implementation has actually made the situation worse, where students feel a lot of stress due to distance learning management is not done comprehensively. This article aims to analyze the implementation of distance learning systems carried out by Indonesian education in the Covid-19 pandemic situation. Literature studies from various reports and scientific articles as well as in-depth interviews were also conducted with samples of students, teachers and parents, both in rural and urban environments in Indonesia which were most affected by the Covid-19 virus. The results of the analysis conclude that Indonesia has prepared virtual infrastructure well, but the factors of teachers and schools still need to understand more about the essence of distance learning. Students have low self-regulated learning so they are less able to regulate their distance learning activities, teachers tend to stutter about technology, and parents lack understanding of the nature of teaching and learning activities carried out at home.

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Mobile learning enables organizations to meet the educational demands of digital native learners in the digital era. Education at the vocational high school level also makes use of it, as this level of education has unique characteristics in terms of the type of learning that occurs, notably the emphasis of practice-based learning. There has not been a study on the usage of mobile learning at the vocational high school level that has used the bibliometric method to provide a baseline for future research. The objective of this paper is to conduct a thorough bibliometric analysis of the literature on mobile learning in vocational high schools. Articles were obtained from the Scopus database, as many as 121 articles were studied in this study, out of 132 articles discovered between 2015 - 2020. After managing the database, the researcher used VOSviewer software to classify and visualize co-authorship, co-accuracy, and citation. Overall, the information presented in this review can be used as a starting point for future research on the topic of m - learning in educational process of vocational high school.   Keywords: bibliometric analysis, mobile learning, mobile learning application, E-learning, vocational high school

The purpose of this study is to determine the effect of Just In Time Teaching using schoology and learning motivation on students learning achievement. This research was conducted in Malang Middle School. The type of research is quantitative with quasi-experimental research design. The population of this study is VIII grade students; the sample of this study is class C and D each number bout 32 students. The sample was selected using a purposive sampling technique. Data collection techniques are collected by learning achievement tests and learning motivation observation sheets. Data analysis used by two-way ANOVA analysis. The results of the study indicate that; 1) There are differences in Physics learning achievement between students who learn in using the Schoology-based on Just In Time Teaching and students who learn in using conventional learning, 2) There are differences in Physics learning achievement between students who have high learning motivation and motivated students low learning, 3) There is no interaction effect using school-based on Just In Time Teaching with learning motivation towards learning achievement. It can be concluded that Just in Time Teaching can be one solution to increase student learning achievement. Students who learn with the Schoology-based on Just In Time Teaching and students who have high motivation can improve students learning achievement.

Abstrak. Pembelajaran IPA adalah pembelajaran yang berkaitan dengan fenomena alam. Jenis penelitian merupakan penelitian kuantitatif. Tujuannya yakni (1) mengetahui perbedaan kemampuan berpikir kritis antara siswa yang belajar menggunakan PBL dengan Discovery Learning, (2) mengetahui perbedaan berpikir kritis antara yang mempunyai kemandirian belajar tinggi dan kemandirian rendah, (3) untuk mengetahui pengaruh interaksi dari model pembelajaran dan kemandirian belajar siswa. dan metode penelitian menggunakan tehnik Cluster Random Sampling. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah siswa kelas VII SMP Negeri 2 Malang. Sampel yang digunakan yakni kelas VII H menggunakan PBL dan kelas VII F menggunakan Discovery Learning. Analisis data penelitian ini menggunakan ANOVA dua jalur. Berdasarkan analisis data diperoleh hasil bahwa (1) tidak ada perbedaan berpikir kritis antara siswa yang menggunakan PBL dan siswa yang Discovery Learning, (2) tidak terdapat perbedaan berpikir kritis antara siswa yang mempunyai kemandirian belajar tinggi dan kemandirian rendah, (3) tidak ada interaksi antara model PBL dan kemandirian belajar siswa terhadap berpikir kritis siswa.                                 Kata kunci: PBL, Berpikir Kritis, Kemandirian belajar