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There is a strong need for GPU trusted execution environments (TEEs) as GPU is increasingly used in the cloud environment. However, current proposals either ignore memory security (i.e., not encrypting memory) or impose a separate memory encryption domain from the host TEE, causing a very substantial slowdown for communicating data from/to the host.In this paper, we propose a flexible GPU memory encryption design called LITE that relies on software memory encryption aided by small architecture support. LITE's flexibility allows GPU TEE to be co-designed with CPU to create a unified encryption domain. We show that GPU applications can be adapted to the use of LITE encryption APIs without major changes. Through various optimizations, we show that software memory encryption in LITE can produce negligible performance overheads (1.1%) for regular benchmarks and still-acceptable overheads (56%) for irregular benchmarks.

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