Slit-Robo GTPase-activating protein 1 (SRGAP1) functions as a GAP for Rho-family GTPases and downstream of Slit-Robo signaling. We aim to investigate the biological function of SRGAP1 and reveal its regulation by deregulated microRNAs (miRNAs) in gastric cancer (GC). mRNA and protein expression of SRGAP1 were examined by quantitative reverse transcription PCR (qRT-PCR) and western blot. The biological role of SRGAP1 was demonstrated through siRNA-mediated knockdown experiments. The regulation of SRGAP1 by miR-340 and miR-124 was confirmed by western blot, dual luciferase activity assays and rescue experiments. SRGAP1 is overexpressed in 9 out of 12 (75.0%) GC cell lines. In primary GC samples from TCGA cohort, SRGAP1 shows gene amplification in 5/258 (1.9%) of cases and its mRNA expression demonstrates a positive correlation with copy number gain. Knockdown of SRGAP1 in GC cells suppressed cell proliferation, reduced colony formation, and significantly inhibited cell invasion and migration. Luciferase reporter assays revealed that SRGAP1 knockdown significantly inhibited Wnt/β-catenin pathway. In addition, SRGAP1 was found to be a direct target of two tumor-suppressive miRNAs, miR-340 and miR-124. Concordantly, these two miRNAs were downregulated in primary gastric tumors and these decreasing levels w5ere associated with poor outcomes. Expression of miR-340 and SRGAP1 displayed a reverse relationship in primary samples and re-expressed SRGAP1, rescued the anti-cancer effects of miR-340. Taken together, these data strongly suggest that, apart from gene amplification and mutation, the activation of SRGAP1 in GC is partly due to the downregulation of tumor-suppressive miRNAs, miR-340 and miR-124. Thus SRGAP1 is overexpressed in gastric carcinogenesis and plays an oncogenic role through activating Wnt/β-catenin pathway.

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Background Glioma is a complex cancer with a high morbidity and high mortality. Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) have shown promise as an excellent cell/drug delivery vehicle for gene-targeted therapy; however, maintaining genetic stability and biological activity remains difficult. Furthermore, whether BMSCs support or inhibit tumor growth remains debated. This study investigated whether a traditional Chinese medicine fomular, Fuzheng Yiliu decoction (FYD) had a synergistic antitumor effect with IL-12 gene-modified BMSCs in glioma-bearing nude mice Methods The lentivirus-mediated IL-12 gene was transfected into primarily cultured BMSCs. A total of 72 BALB/c nude mice were used to establish xenograft models with glioma U251 cells and were divided into groups (n = 12) including blank control group, nude mouse model group (model group), lentiviral transfection of BMSC group with no gene loading (BMSC group), IL-12 lentivirus-transfected BMSC group (IL-12 + BMSC group), FYD treatment group (FYD group), and FYD treatment in IL-12 lentivirus-transfected BMSC group (FYD + IL-12 + BMSC group).. After treatment for 14 days, all mice were sacrificed to collect tumor tissue and serum for more detection, such as distribution of BMSCs, cell apoptosis in xenograft tumors, serum IL-12 and INF-γ levels, mouse weight and tumor volume were measured Results There were significantly more apoptotic cells in tumor tissue in IL-12 gene transfected group, FYD treatment group and FYD combining with IL-12 gene transfected group than that in the model group (P < 0.05). The FYD + IL-12 + BMSC group showed significantly higher Bax and lower Bcl-2 expression (P < 0.05), and serum IL-12 and INF-γ levels (P < 0.05) were higher than that in all other groups. After the intervention, this group also showed a strong inhibitory effect against tumor growth (P < 0.05) Conclusions This study suggested FYD treatment combined with IL-12 gene-modified BMSCs shows synergistic antitumor effect in glioma-bearing nude mice.

Matrine, a major alkaloid extracted from Sophora flavescens, has been reported to possess antitumor properties in several types of cancers, including gastric cancer. However, its mechanisms of action on gastric cancer remain poorly understood. Dysregulation of microRNAs, a class of small, non-coding, regulatory RNA molecules involved in gene expression, is strongly correlated with cancer. The aim of the present study was to demonstrate that matrine treatment altered miRNA expression in SGC7901 cells. Using miRCURY™ microarray analysis, we identified 128 miRNAs substantially exhibiting >2-fold expression changes in matrine-treated cells relative to their expression levels in untreated cells. RT-qPCR was used to show that the levels of 8 miRNAs whose target genes were clustered in the cell cycle pathway increased, while levels of 14 miRNAs whose target genes were clustered in the MAPK signaling pathway decreased. These results were consistent with those from the miRNA microarray experiment. Bioinformatical analysis revealed that the majority of 57 identified enrichment pathways were highly involved in tumorigenesis. In conclusion, the results demonstrated that matrine induces considerable changes in the miRNA expression profiles of SGC7901 cells, suggesting miRNA microarray combined with RT-qPCR validation and bioinformatical analysis provide a novel and promising approach to identify anticancer targets and the mechanisms of matrine involved.

Matrine, a major alkaloid extracted from Sophora flavescens, has been reported to possess antitumor properties in several types of cancers, including gastric cancer. However, its mechanisms of action on gastric cancer remain poorly understood. Dysregulation of microRNAs, a class of small, non-coding, regulatory RNA molecules involved in gene expression, is strongly correlated with cancer. The aim of the present study was to demonstrate that matrine treatment altered miRNA expression in SGC7901 cells. Using miRCURY™ microarray analysis, we identified 128 miRNAs substantially exhibiting >2-fold expression changes in matrine-treated cells relative to their expression levels in untreated cells. RT-qPCR was used to show that the levels of 8 miRNAs whose target genes were clustered in the cell cycle pathway increased, while levels of 14 miRNAs whose target genes were clustered in the MAPK signaling pathway decreased. These results were consistent with those from the miRNA microarray experiment. Bioinformatical analysis revealed that the majority of 57 identified enrichment pathways were highly involved in tumorigenesis. In conclusion, the results demonstrated that matrine induces considerable changes in the miRNA expression profiles of SGC7901 cells, suggesting miRNA microarray combined with RT-qPCR validation and bioinformatical analysis provide a novel and promising approach to identify anticancer targets and the mechanisms of matrine involved.