Background: Apical migration of the gingival margin beyond the cement-enamel junction (CEJ) is called as gingival recession. Various classifications of gingival recession have been proposed to evaluate different degrees of damage to periodontal tissues, but do not consider the condition of the exposed root surface: presence of an identifiable CEJ and presence of root abrasion. Sometimes these lesions may be associated with enamel abrasion. Therefore, the aim of this paper is to propose the new classification of dental surface defects in gingival recession area.Methods: Two factors were evaluated to set up a classification system: presence (A) or absence (B) of CEJ and presence (+) or absence (-) of dental surface discrepancy caused by abrasion (step). Four classes (A+, A-, B+, and B-) were identified on the basis of these variables. The classification was used on 1,000 gingival recessions to examine the distribution of the four classes.Results: Out of 1,000 exposed root surfaces, 380 showed an identifiable CEJ associated with step (Class A+, 38%); 280 an identifiable CEJ without any associated step (Class A-, 28%); 200 an unidentifiable CEJ with a step (Class B+, 20%); and 140 an unidentifiable CEJ without any associated step (Class B-, 14%). Conclusion:The proposed classification describes the dental surface defects that are of paramount importance in diagnosing gingival recession areas which might help in selecting the definite treatment approach.

Aim: The purpose of the present research was to evaluate various modalities for treating hypomineralized primary teeth. Methodology: Survival data retrospectively collected from 52 children with MIH, monitored. We evaluated one hundred and twenty unknown, high-quality photographs from occlusal and smooth surfaces, respectively, for the detection of cavitated carious lesions and caries-associated restorations (DMF index) and MIH. Descriptive and explorative analyses were performed, including Kaplan-Meier estimators. Results: The mean patient observation time was 42.9 months (SD = 35.1). The cumulative survival probabilities after 36 months—7.0% (GIC, N = 28), 29.9% (non-invasive composite restoration, N = 126), 76.2% (conventional composite restoration, N = 27) and 100.0% (ceramic restoration, N = 23)—differed significantly in the regression analysis. Conclusion: Conventional restorations were associated with moderate-to-high survival rates in MIH teeth.

Introduction: The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of continuous apical negative ultrasonic irrigation into simulated lateral canals and the apical third in straight and curved root canals. Material and methods: Two simulated lateral canals were created 2, 4 and 6 mm from the working length in 120 single‑rooted teeth (6 canals/tooth, n = 360 straight, n = 360 curved). The teeth were randomly divided into 3 experimental groups: positive pressure irrigation (PPI) (n = 20); passive ultrasonic irrigation (PUI) (n = 20); continuous apical negative ultrasonic irrigation (CANUI) (n = 20). 20% Chinese ink was added to a 5% sodium hypochlorite solution and delivered into the root canals. Results: The results showed a significantly higher(P < 0.05) penetration of irrigant into the lateral canals and up to working length in the CANUI group for straight and curved roots. Conclusion: CANUI improves penetration into the lateral canals and up to the working length of the cleared teeth in straight and curved roots.