Background: Helicobacter species pylori represent one of the medically prominent and most common infections in the world. Contamination with this microbe has set as a causal factor in the development of gastritis, peptic ulcer, and gastric neoplasia. Consequently, prompt diagnosis is essential. Objectives: This study was conveyed to detect H.pylori in gastric biopsies specimens by using routine Hematoxylin, Modified Giemsa dye as well as immunohistochemical stain, besides to assess the specificity and sensitivity of Helicobacter microbe detection in each method. Patients and methods: The research was both prospective and retrospective, carried out on 100 cases of endoscopically obtained gastric biopsies. Data obtained from archives of the pathology department, at AL-Jamhuri Teaching Hospital, Mosul city, and collected in a period spanning from April 2013 to March 2014. The information included; Age, sex, gastric biopsy location, inflammation status, the presence of dysplasia or carcinoma. Helicobacter pylori infection was assessed histochemically and immunohistochemically. Results: In a total of 100 gastric samples, patients' age range was 11 to 82 years (mean age of 46.5 years), with a male to female ratio of 1.38:1. Helicobacter pylori bacilli were positive with H&E/MGS in 71 (71%) of cases, increased to 75 (75%) case with IHC. Chronic gastritis noticed in 85 biopsy specimens, 74% were positive for H.pylori. There was a statistically significant difference between IHC and H&E/MGS (p=0.04) for detection of H.pylori. The sensibility and specificity of the H&E/MGS were measured compared with the recommended standard sensitive and specific IHC test; they were 95% and 100% respectively. Conclusion: The routine ancillary stains request for the detection of H.pylori remains a laboratory and an institution right. This study revealed that, in our laboratory, the regular application of ancillary dyes is not obliged for the description of H.pylori because it was readily recognizable in the bulk of sections with haematoxylin staining. However, we recommend the use of IHC in specific circumstances.

Objectives: The aim of this study, first, to evaluate the frequency of immunohistochemical expression of p53 in different types of ovarian tumors, second, to correlate p53 expression with age of patients, histological type and grade of tumors, and third, to compare the results with those of others. Methods: This study was performed on 60 primary ovarian tumors. Samples were obtained in a prospective and retrospective fashion (cross sectional study). The samples were collected from Al

Objectives:The aims of the present study are; first, to find out the relative frequency of p53 overexpression in different types of breast cancer. Second, to correlate the p53 over-expression with different parameters, including the age and menopausal status of the patient, size, grade, stage, type of the tumor, and the status of axillary lymph nodes. Third, to compare our results with others Methods: The study was both pro and retrospective and included 60 cases of breast carcinoma. Data were obtained from archives of the pathology department, at Al-jumhuri Teaching Hospital and collected in a period spanning from August 2008 to January 2009. P53 over-expression was assessed immunohistochemically . Results: The patients ages ranged from 25 to 78 years (mean: 51.5 year); most of them were in the fourth decade (41.2%). There was a significant inverse relation between p53 over-expression and the age of the patients (p<0.001), in which the largest percentage of p53 positivity seen in the third decade. P53 over-expression was detected in 38.3% of the cases. P53 over-expression was found in (100%) of medullary carcinoma, 19/47 (40.4%) of invasive ductal carcinoma (NOS), 1/3 (33.3%) of ductal carcinoma in situ, and 1/6 (1.7%) of invasive lobular carcinoma. P53 over-expression was not detected in mucinous and papillary carcinomas.There was a significant direct correlation between p53 over-expression and tumor size (p=0.0274), grade (p=0.032), and stage (p<0.001).There were no statistically significant relations between p53 over-expression and the menopausal status (p=0.262) or axillary lymph node metastasis (p=0.471). Conclusions: Immunopositivity for p53 tumor suppressor protein was detected in 38.3% of the cases in this study. P53 over-expression was significantly correlated with patient's age, tumor grade, stage, and size, but no correlation was found with menopausal status and axillary lymph node metastasis.

Objective:To evaluate the overexpression of Her-2/neu in patients with breast cancer in Mosul (both invasive and intraductal) against other prognostic parameters of mammary carcinomas, such as histological type, grade, tumor size, patient age and number of lymph nodes involved. Methods: This is a retrospective study conducted in the Pathology laboratory of Al-Jamhoori Teaching Hospital and at private laboratories. A total of 36 breast cancer cases and 4 benign cases were diagnosed and collected in a period spanning from April 2006 to April 2007. We used Immunohistochemistry to evaluate the overexpression of Her-2/neu against the age, tumor size, type and grade and the axillary lymph node status. Results: The mean age of all cases was 47.5 years ranging from 28 to 72 years. Regarding the age, Her-2 positivity was shown in 2 peaks (4 th and 7 th decades), while Her-2 negativity was found in older age group (p=0.004). Overall Her-2 overexpression was in 37% of the cases; it was overexpressed in 34.5% of invasive ductal carcinoma, in 100% of medullary carcinoma and in 100% of ductal carcinoma in situ. Whereas no expression (0.0%) was seen in 3 cases of invasive lobular carcinoma and one case of colloid carcinoma. Her-2 positivity was associated with large size (T2 and T3) rather than small size tumors (p=0.015). There was a correlation between Her-2 positivity and high grade tumor [G3 in 69.2% of the positive cases (p=0.045)]. Her-2 positivity was associated with axillary lymph node metastasis in 84.6% of cases, but not reaching a statistical significance. The benign lesions included in this study (two fibroadenoma, one fibrocystic disease and one duct ectasia) all showed negativity for Her-2 stain. Conclusion: Her-2 overexpression was found in 37% of breast cancer in Mosul. Regarding age incidence Her-2 overexpression was noted at 2 peaks 3 rd and 6 th decades. Large size and high grade breast carcinomas were associated with high percentage of Her-2 positivity, and the majority of Her-2 positive cases had axillary lymph node metastases.