Thts paper deals wRh the problem of enumerating all the cutsets or all the s-t cutsets separatmg two spectfied verttces s and t m an undirected graph A vanety of approaches have been proposed for this problem, among which one based on the partmon era set of veruces rote two sets is the most effi¢ienL It is first shown that an algorithm of this type has time complexity O((n + m)(n -log2#)#), and two new algorithms with ume complexity O((n + m)O + I)) are then proposed One of these new algorithms has space complexity O(nZ), and the other has space complexity O(n + m), where n and m are the numbers of veraces and edges, respectively, and ta ts the number ofs-t cutsets m a given graph The results of some computatmnal experiments are also described. An mvest~gaUon ~s made of the extent to whtch the new algorithms are better, and how good the performance of the old algorithm is, especmlly when a given graph is "dense," t e, 2m/(n(n -1)) _> 0.4.

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The single-row routing approach for layout has attracted a great deal of interest and is in a position to become one of the fundamental routing methods for high density multilayer printed wiring boards (PWB's).A specific development has recently been accomplished on this approach [12], namely: Necessary and sufficient conditions for optimum routing have been obtained. Nonetheless, there still remains a funda mental problem to be overcome, that is, to develop an algorithm to find the optimum solution.The present paper derives an alternate set of necessary and sufficient conditions for the same problem. These are easy to check and are tailored for algorithm development. An efficient algorithm in the special cases of upper and lower street congestions up to two has been proposed. These special cases are particularly of interest in the design of practical PWB's. S. Tsukiyama and I. Shirakawa are with the

ObjectiveDS-8500a is a novel G protein-coupled receptor 119 agonist being developed for the treatment of type 2 diabetes. The study objective was to assess the efficacy and safety of DS-8500a in Japanese patients with type 2 diabetes.Research design and methodsIn this double-blind, parallel-group, phase II study, 99 Japanese patients with type 2 diabetes were randomized to receive placebo, or DS-8500a 10 mg or 75 mg once daily for 28 days. The primary efficacy endpoint was change in the 24-hour weighted mean glucose (WMG) from baseline (day −1) to day 28. Other endpoints included changes in fasting plasma glucose, postprandial glucose, lipids, and safety.ResultsThe 24-hour WMG decreased significantly after 28 days of treatment in the 10 mg and 75 mg groups with placebo-subtracted least squares mean differences (95% CI) of −0.74 (−1.29 to –0.19) mmol/L and −1.05 (−1.59 to –0.50) mmol/L, respectively. Reductions in 24-hour WMG in both DS-8500a groups were observed on day 14 and were greater on day 28 than on day 14. The reductions in fasting plasma glucose and 2-hour postprandial glucose were significantly greater in the 75 mg DS-8500a group versus placebo. Total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and triglycerides decreased significantly; high-density lipoprotein cholesterol increased significantly in the 75 mg group versus placebo. Both doses of DS-8500a were well tolerated without significant treatment-related adverse events, hypoglycemia, or discontinuations due to adverse events.ConclusionsDS-8500a significantly improved glycemic control and lipids and was well tolerated over 28 days of administration in Japanese patients with type 2 diabetes.Trial registration numberNCT02222350; Post-results.

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