COVID-19 is currently causing a pandemic around the world. With the increase in the number of patients, there was a slight increase in the incidence of various complications. In particular, infectious and inflammatory diseases of the face and jaw are observed in patients with COVID-19 in the early infectious stages of the disease, as well as in the late stages. In the previous literature, as a sign or complication of COVID-19 were mentioned cases of changes in the oral cavity - ulcers, rashes, and inflammation of salivary glands. The conditions presented in this article are a serious complication of COVID-19, radically different from the usual course of osteomyelitis, in which the patient has a course with a predominance of long-term, chronic-progressive, atrophic processes. Treatment was somewhat ineffective due to local chronic inflammation (pansinusitis), metabolic, microcirculatory, immune, and coagulation disorders in patients.
It is known to all, that Covid-19 has spread around the world in the last 1.5 years and has become a medical, economic and social problem 1. The occurrence of complications is increasing as the incidence of the infection increases. In Uzbekistan, many patients with this disease have severe complications such as maxillofacial defects and osteomyelitis within 6-8 months of the end of the acute infectious period, forcing patients to undergo long-term treatment. In the clinical case described in the article, osteomyelitis of the maxillofacial bone was observed in a patient with Covid-19 disease. The process was protracted, there were low signs of acute inflammation, the earliest period of sequestration was 6-8 months, the process continued after sequestration at the margins of the healthy bone. In many cases, the ineffectiveness of treatment due to co-morbidities (diabetes, arterial hypertension), microcirculatory, metabolic, immune and other disorders in the patient, the long course of the process is observed.
The novel coronavirus spread worldwide in 2020, causing millions of deaths and disabilities. Even though the virus was considered a respiratory virus, its adverse effects can be detected in several body systems. The article describes COVID-19 disease and its complications in the maxillofacial area. Several complications develop either in response to therapeutic modalities used to treat the underlying disease, or due to overuse of particular medications namely glucocorticoids, antirheumatic agents, interleukin 6-inhibitors, and antibiotics. This article will describe a number of complications ranging from mild complications to severe ones such as osteonecrosis of the upper jaw and facial bones, ophthalmologic and neurological complications. It will also summarize recommendations that will help prevent or minimize these complications.
Incidence of maxillofacial traumas is reported steadily increasing, maxillary fractures being extremely severe. Maxillary alveolar process (AP) and front teeth are traumatized more frequently than any other parts of the maxilla. Deprivation of teeth and AP posttraumatic flaw as well as loss of alveolar height not only create a cosmetic defect but also complicate subsequent prosthetics of the patients. The work was initiated to assess efficacy of "CollapAn L" in comparison with a combination of "Osteon", osteoplastic material, and "Colla Guide" resorbable membrane in prevention of AP post-traumatic flaws and deformities. 60 patients aged from 16 to 47 with the comminuted fractures of maxillary AP emergently hospitalized were examined and treated. The findings showed that combination of "Osteon" and "Colla Guide" resorbable membrane is the one to increase efficacy of the treatment, facilitating preservation of and alveolar crest height and shape. In addition, preservation of bone tissue mineralization helps avoid risk of the bone wound inflammatory morbidity.
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