Surface modification has been emerged out as a novel value addition process to increase the mechanical as well as tribological execution of the engineering materials in the previous decade. Friction stir processing (FSP) has been one of the best and most recent technologies for improving the surface properties of work material. The current study explores a critical review of the fabrication of aluminum matrix composite by incorporating the abrasive type particles through FSP and analyzing the improved mechanical, thermal, and tribological characteristics of the fabricated composite materials. The study will pave the way for opportunities related to surface modification by FSP.

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Background: We describe herein, an improved procedure for drug repurposing based on refined Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) terms and hierarchical clustering method. Materials & methods: In the present study, we have employed MeSH data from MEDLINE (2019), 1669 US FDA approved drugs from Open FDA and a refined set of MeSH terms. Refinement of MeSH terms was performed to include terms related to mechanistic information of drugs and diseases. Results and Conclusions: In-depth analysis of the results obtained, demonstrated greater efficiency of the proposed approach, based on refined MeSH terms and hierarchical clustering, in terms of number of selected drug candidates for repurposing. Further, analysis of misclustering and size of noise clusters suggest that the proposed approach is reliable and can be employed in drug repurposing.