An efficient natural-based catalyst constructed of volcanic pumice, cellulose polymeric chains, and palladium nanoparticles is presented for Suzuki–Miyaura coupling reaction.

Therapeutic nano-bioconjugates (TNBCs) as an advanced class of drug delivery systems have attracted much attention due to more efficacy than the individual medications. Hence, in this study, a novel anti-infection TNBC system is designed based on highly porous silica nanoparticles, gold nanoparticles (AuNPs), and hybridized polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) for the efficient delivery of cefixime (CFM). Furthermore, a conjugation of cysteine−arginine (CR) dipeptide is made onto the surfaces for the enhancement of cell adhesion. Concisely, the AuNPs incorporated inside the PVA network play the key role in the controlled release process triggered by localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) heating. The drug content of the CFM-containing cargo (named as CFM@SiO 2 /PVA/Au−CR) and related release profile have been precisely studied by the confirmed analytical methods. Eventually, confocal microscopy on the stained cells has revealed that the TNBC particles are capable of entering the Escherichia coli (E. coli) and Klebsiella pneumoniae (K. pneumoniae) bacterial cells better than the individual CFM. Also, optical density experiments (OD 600 ) have corroborated that the prepared CFM@SiO 2 /PVA/Au−CR TNBC includes a high antimicrobial effect on K. pneumoniae and E. coli cells with (93.0 ± 1.5) % and (86.8 ± 1.0) % success rates, respectively, whereas the same dosage of the individual CFM has shown a lower effect on the cell growth rate. Also, estimation of minimum inhibitory/ bactericidal concentrations (MIC/MBC) confirmed the enhanced antibacterial property of the CFM through the presented delivery method. Overall, this product is suggested to be clinically administrated instead of the individual CFM due to its high efficacy and containing lower dosage of the antibiotic drug.

In this work, some new azotated 2H-chromene derivatives were successfully synthesized by use of mesoporous Cu-SBA-15 as nanocatalyst leading short reaction times and high yields. By this research, the scope of azo compounds was increased.

A series of novel azo group fused 2 H-chromenes and 4 H-chromenes were synthesised as well as pyranopyrazole derivatives via the Knoevenagel condensation reaction of C–H acid compounds with 5-(arylazo)salicylaldehydes by a nucleophilic addition to the carbonyl group followed cyclisation.

Two efficient synthetic routes to preparation of 2,3‐diarylimidazo[1,2‐a]pyrazines and 2,3‐diarylimidazo[1,2‐b]pyridazines are described. The procedures involve a Suzuki cross‐coupling reaction and a palladium‐catalyzed direct arylation at position 3 and finally a comparative study is achieved. The antibacterial activities of the synthesized compounds in vitro were measured and the results showed that most products presented moderate to good antibacterial activities. Compounds 3a, 3c, 3j, 3k, 3l, and 3n revealed obvious potency against Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus subtilis, and Escherichia coli with minimum inhibitory concentration values of 32 μg/mL, which were better compared with the others.