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Current approaches to organizational effectiveness are conceptually conflicting and empiricaiiy arid. They appear handicapped by a desire to produce a single effectiveness statement about any given organization. We propose a "multipie-constituency" approach to avoid this requirement, explicitiy assuming that an organization's different constituencies will form different assessments of its effectiveness. We aiso suggest several conceptuai and empiricai implications of this reorientation.This paper attempts to define a broad perspective on organizational effectiveness that encompasses rather than conflicts with existing perspectives. The proposed perspective will not attempt to prescribe research directions or methodology. Rather, it will attempt to define areas of convergent theorizing and rich empirical domains.

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The impact on gun-related crime of legislative changes involving Massachusetts' Gun Control Law is evaluated. Viewing crime rates as realizations from some underlying stochastic processes, a procedure for measuring intervention effects on crime rates is presented. Time series on gun-related crimes for the city of Boston are analyzed with this procedure in evaluating the impact of the gun control law.