Early onset cognitive therapy is not effective in improving overall HRQOL of severely injured patients but shows promising effects on depression and anxiety up to 12 months after trauma.

No abstract

Increased use of a recall system can result in higher immunization rates against seasonal influenza among high-risk groups.

Achievement of the goal to eliminate measles by 2015 set by the European region of the World Health Organization (WHO) necessitates an increase in the willingness of German nationals to get vaccinated. To identify influential factors on vaccination behavior as the basis for communication measures specific to target groups, the Federal Centre for Health Education (BZgA) has conducted two representative surveys on attitude, knowledge, and practice concerning vaccination among parents of children between 0 and 13 years as well as among adolescents and adults. The parents' survey (n = 3,002) revealed that more than one-third see measles as a harmless disease. The survey of adolescents and adults (n = 4,483, 16-85 years) also shows that about one-quarter of the interviewees between 16 and 44 years regarded vaccination against measles as not very important. Moreover, 81 % of adults born after 1970 without sufficient existing vaccine protection were not aware of the new measles vaccination recommendation for this age group. Personal consultation with the physician was regarded as the major source of vaccination information in both surveys. About half of all persons interviewed intended to obtain information about vaccinations on the Internet. The results of these studies were used for the development of a nationwide multilevel BZgA campaign on vaccination protection against measles, its goal being to support medical professionals with comprehensive information and to enable adolescents and young adults via different communication measures to make well-informed vaccination decisions.

Zusammenfassung: Basierend auf dem Inklusions-Exklusionsmodell ( Schwarz & Bless, 1992 ) wurde in einem Experiment der Einfluss einer beruflich erfolgreichen - und damit stereotyp-inkonsistenten Frau - auf die stereotype Beurteilung von Frauen im Allgemeinen untersucht. Das Beispiel einer stereotyp-inkonsistenten Frau reduzierte nur dann die stereotyp weibliche Beurteilung von Frauen, wenn zusätzliche Randbedingungen die Inklusion dieser “Abweichlerin” in die mentale Repräsentation der Kategorie der Frauen nahe legten. Legten die Randbedingungen dagegen eher eine Exklusion aus der mentalen Repräsentation der Kategorie der Frauen nahe, hatte die Darstellung der Abweichlerin keine Reduktion des Frauenstereotyps zur Folge. In einer dritten Versuchsbedingung wurden zunächst die Randbedingungen für eine Inklusion realisiert jedoch gleichzeitig die Verfügbarkeit der Subkategorie der “Karrierefrau” experimentell erhöht. Durch die Aktivierung der alternativen Subkategorie wurde eine Inklusion der Abweichlerin unterlaufen, und das Stereotyp wurde nicht vermindert.