No abstract

In this work, a simulated annealing (SA) algorithm is implemented in the Python programming language with the aim of minimizing addition chains of the "star-chain" type. The strategies for generating and mutating individuals are similar to those used by the evolutionary programming (EP) and genetic algorithms (GA) methods found in the literature [1]-[3]. The proposed variant is the acceptance mechanism that is based on the simulated annealing meta-heuristic (SA). The hypothesis is that with the proposed acceptance mechanism, diversity is obtained in the search-space through a simple strategy that allows finding better solutions compared to the deterministic method Optimized Window. The simulations were performed with exponents in the range 218-234 and were compared with the results reported in [3], where a GA is proposed to get optimal addition chains. It is concluded that the proposed algorithm is able to find chains of shorter length than those found with the Optimized Window method and with a performance similar to that of the GA proposed in [3].

The community of Altos de la Sabana is a population composed of families of limited economic resources and victims of the internal armed conflict in Sucre, located in low-income housing. In this urbanization is the Institution of Higher Education of the Holy Shroud. Given that at present it does not have technological and innovative tools for academic use, information provided by the rector and the academic coordinator of this institution, as well as being considered as a vulnerable community by the national government, which gives them a priority position when implementing educational and social projects; The main objective of this project is to encourage the students of the secondary school of the institution to use technological tools to solve problems in their environment. This research has a quantitative approach and the design of the research focuses on field research and with a pre-experimental method. For the execution of this project, 3 moments were concentrated; initially, an initial test was carried out to validate knowledge in technological tools and the self-directed profile, then some training was carried out using the problem-based methodology and finally a final evaluation to measure acquired competences. The results of the post-test, in contrast to the initial test, revealed that 65% of students in grade 11 of the institution demonstrate an empowerment in the use of ICT tools and concepts in the field of basic analog-digital electronics. This is how ICTs are based on the education system, as they are facilitating tools in the teaching-learning process.

Poultry farming is an industry recognized worldwide, being one of the main activities in different countries. From the national level, poultry farming is a source of income dedicated to the production of eggs and poultry meat, which has had a constant growth since the mid-twentieth century. This market in Colombia is one of the few economic sectors with permanent growth, this is evidenced by the increase in the per capita figures for this type of product. Nowadays in the market there is no evidence of a low cost system that allows to measure the hens’ position in real time, this necessity being the main objective to develop an electronic module that allows to calculate the frequency of spawning in laying hens, with the purpose that this information can be used by poultry farmers in order to determine what food treatments and environmental conditions improve egg productivity. The materials used for the prototype were; a module cell (independent cage for each bird), an Arduino UNO card, infrared proximity sensor, 12x2 LCD display, MicroSD card module and an SD memory. This investigation is framed in a technological development of experimental type, for the construction of the prototype 3 stages were taken into account; prototype design and its characteristics, final assembly of the prototype and tests and results. In the results found there is evidence of a versatile tool that allows to inform in real time in a graphic way the postures. The tests carried out demonstrate the potential of a low-cost, lightweight and state-of-the-art prototype.

Three low-power MEMS micro-accelerometers were designed, the first with variable distance and the last with variable area. Then, electrostatic analysis and simulation by the finite element method was performed to show its behavior and performance. In the simulation and analysis the software COMSOL MULTIPHYSICS 5.1 was used. The results show that the variable area micro-accelerometer exhibits the best relationship between behavior and performance.