The Spanish construction industry has been subject to EU Directive 2014/24/UE. This directive allows member states to encourage, specify and even require the use of Building Information Modeling (BIM) in construction projects financed by EU public funds as of 2016. The QBIMInvest Project (supported by the Universidad Europea de Madrid) has conducted a survey, which is the subject of this article, on the implementation of Building Information Modeling in the Spanish AEC industry. This research uses 548 responses from a sample of Spanish AEC professionals to demonstrate that currently BIM tools are only being used in the design stage of residential buildings. There are few cases of them being applied in the construction, operation and maintenance stages or in other project types. On the other hand, professionals think that they will need at least 3 to 5 years to finish implementing BIM in projects. BIM, Architecture, Building Engineering, Construction INTRODUCTION BIM is one of the most promising advances in the Architecture, Engineering and Construction (AEC) industry. Currently, the industry is continuing to inform their association members, stakeholders, etc. about BIM adoption in various ways [1]. Collaborative working software like BIM, which enhances the coordination between multidisciplinary teams throughout the building design and execution process [2, 3], has appeared in the AEC industry over the last decade. This methodology covers and manages all the building lifecycle information, simulating and updating digital representations for all the construction stages, functioning, demolition, and recycling.BIM solutions create and operate with digital databases for collaboration; manage changes in these databases, ensuring that a change to any part of the database is reflected in all the other parts; and capture and preserve information for reuse by other industry-specific applications. By applying information technology to the problem of describing a building in software, they enable higher quality work, greater speed, and more cost effectiveness for building design, construction, and operation [4]. These data-rich models can be effectively used by other members of the design team to coordinate the fabrication of a building's different systems. This has innumerable advantages in off-site construction domain including speed, economy, sustainability, and safety [5].Since February 2014 the Spanish construction industry has been subject to EU Directive 2014/24/UE [6], which seeks to modernize European Government procurement and reduce costs in the 28 EU member states. This directive allows member

Therefore, the OECD agricultural policy-index system was used. To the extent that transversal criteria are applied, which support the transfer of aid between territories, the results suggest that changing the payment assignation model would involve a redistribution of aid towards areas that currently least benefit from them.

La competencia transversal instrumental específica hace referencia al uso de herramientas y tecnologías necesarias para el ejercicio profesional. El término específico hace referencia a la titulación. El objetivo de la misma debe ser aproximar las competencias y habilidades de los graduados a los requerimientos y demandas de las empresas. En la Facultad de Administración y Dirección de Empresas de la Universitat Politècnica de València varias de las asignaturas que evalúan esta competencia lo hacen empleando la hoja de cálculo como la herramienta necesaria para el ejercicio profesional. Otras se centran en técnicas y modelos específicos de la materia mediante el uso de software libre.

This work provides a diagnosis of the position, in terms of competitiveness, of the export flows of the Mexican food industry compared to the total flows of the world food industry, in the 2001-2016 period. The analysis was made based on the measurements of the revealed comparative advantage, by applying the Indices of Normalized Revealed Comparative Advantage of Yu, Cai and Leung (heir to the well-known Balassa Index), and of Vollrath’s Relative Commercial Advantage, using the flow of manufactured food (exports and imports) from Mexico and the rest of the world offered by the International Trade Map database. Its methodological design is oriented to the collection and analysis of relevant data, and it is repeatable in time and space. The results suggest that the Mexican food industry has a comparative advantage in 13 of the 44 tariff items analyzed. Thus, the research concluded that the country is specialized in decreasing order in the following food items: malt beer, ethyl alcohol, confectionery, bakery and pastry products, sugars, fruit juices, preserved vegetables and fruits, cereal-based products, yeasts, sauces and chocolate. In addition, the results also allow to identify the location of the least competitive sectors, which helps to plan rational business decisions and coordinate public actions, as well as to compare the successful experiences of each sector and to analyze its adaptability to other sectors and territories. In this sense, the main limitation found is that data on Mexican food imports and exports are only available for the country as a whole, which ruled out a state-by-state analysis.