Allogeneic mesenchymal stem cells and xenogenic platelet rich plasma, associated or not, in the repair of bone failures in rabbits with secondary osteoporosis¹ 9-Experimental SurgeryActa Cir Bras. 2017;32(9):767-780 AbstractPurpose: To assess the efficacy of allogeneic mesenchymal stem cells and xenogenic platelet rich plasma in the treatment of bone failure of osteoporotic rabbits secondary to estrogenic deprivation and iatrogenic hypercortisolism. Methods: Eight female rabbits underwent ovarian resection and corticoid therapy to induce clinical status of osteoporosis. Four failures were produced in the tibiae, with each failure being treated with hemostatic sponge, allogenic mesenchymal stem cells, xenogenic plateletrich plasma and the association between both. The animals were divided into two groups, evaluated radiographically and histopathologically at 30 and 60 days post treatment. Results: A radiographically confirmed consolidation of bone failures treated with allogeneic mesenchymal stem cells, associated with the histopathological image of mature and immature bone tissue, without evidence of osteopenia, was compared with the other groups, in which radiolucent failures with osteopenia and fibrosis were still present, denoting the satisfactory effect of the first treatment in detriment to the others. Conclusion:The treatment of bone failures of rabbits with secondary osteoporosis with allogeneic mesenchymal stem cells induced greater bone consolidation with mature and immature bone tissue production (p<0.01), when compared to the other treatments.

The development of ‘smart’ scaffolds has achieved notoriety among current prospects for bone repair, especially for chronic osteopathy, such as osteoporosis. Millions of individuals in the world suffer from poor bone healing due to osteoporosis. The objective of this work was to produce and characterize castor polyurethane (PU) scaffolds (Ricinus communis L.) and evaluate its in vitro biocompatibility with stem cells and osteoinductive effect in vivo on bone failures in a leporid model of osteoporosis. The material was characterized using Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, SEM, and porosity analysis. Then, the biocompatibility was assessed by adhesion using SEM and cytotoxicity in a 3-(4, 5-dimethyl-2-thiazolyl)-2, 5-diphenyl-2H-tetrazolium assay. The osteoinductive effect in vivo was determined in bone defects in rabbit tibias (Oryctolagus cuniculus) submitted to castor PU scaffold, castor PU scaffold associated with stem cells, and negative control, after four and eight weeks, evaluated by computed microtomography and histopathology. The scaffolds were porous, with an average pore size of 209.5 ± 98.2 µm, absence of cytotoxicity, and positive cell adhesiveness in vitro. All the animals presented osteoporosis, characterized by multifocal osteoblastic inactivity and areas of mild fibrosis. There were no statistical differences between these treatments in the fourth week of treatment. In the eighth week, the treatment with castor PU scaffold alone induced more significant bone formation when compared to the other groups, followed by treatment with an association between castor PU scaffold and stem cells. The castor PU scaffold was harmless to cell culture, favoring cell adhesiveness and proliferation, in addition to inducing bone neoformation in osteoporotic rabbits.

This study aimed to investigate the effects of oral administration of Platonia insignis Mart. (“bacuri”) seed butter (BSB) on oxidative stress and diabetes mellitus-related parameters in streptozotocin-induced (STZ) diabetic rats. Diabetes mellitus was induced in female Wistar rats (180–250 g) by the intraperitoneal administration of STZ (45 mg/kg, b.w). BSB (25, 50, and 100 mg/kg) was administered to animals for four weeks. The effect on weight gain, food intake, blood glucose, glycated hemoglobin, hepatic transaminases, plasma and liver TBARS and MPO activity, erythrocyte SOD activity, non-protein sulfhydryl groups (SH-NP), and histopathology of the liver tissue was investigated. BSB at the dose of 100 mg/kg had a positive effect on the reduction in glycated hemoglobin percentage and increased albumin concentration, as well as decreased ALT and AST levels and increased SH-NP liver levels in treated animals compared to normal control rats. Moreover, BSB had no effects on weight gain, food intake, and fasting glucose. Thus, the BSB presented marked properties in improvement of hepatic antioxidant defenses, which demonstrates BSB as a potential hepatoprotective agent in metabolic disorders.

As neoplasias testiculares em cães são predominantes em animais com criptorquidismo. Sendo as mais comuns sertolioma e o seminoma. Este último se desenvolve nos túbulos seminíferos, sendo a segunda neoplasia testicular mais encontrada em cães. O diagnóstico é confirmado apenas com a histopatologia dos testículos coletado durante a cirurgia, a qual é a terapia de eleição para retirada do tumor. A remoção dos testículos é a terapia preferencial, pois estudos sobre quimioterápicos para esta neoplasia ainda são escassos. Revisa-se neste estudo o seminoma, através de um relato de caso como também os protocolos terapêuticos escolhidos.

INTRODUÇÃOTumores testiculares são relativamente frequente em animais domésticos, sendo o cão a espécie mais acometida (MICHALSKA; MICHALSKI, 1997; WEAVER, 2000; PETERS et al, 2001; NOWAK; MADEJ, 2006; NOWAK, 2010) e a susceptibilidade para seu desenvolvimento ocorre quando há testículos ectópicos (NASCIMENTO; SANTOS, 2003). Em cães, os testículos costumam descer para o escroto em torno do décimo dia pós-nascimento (ETTINGER; FELDMAN, 2004), quando não ocorre a migração normal da cavidade abdominal para o escroto há uma alteração denominada de criptorquidismo (NASCIMENTO; SANTOS, 2003).Dentre os distúrbios reprodutivos mais comuns em cães, o criptorquidismo ocorre com uma frequência de até 13% (ETTINGER; FELDMAN, 2004). Animais criptorquídicos bilaterais são considerados estéreis, pois não ocorre a espermatogênese normalmente (HAFEZ; HAFEZ, 2004). A termorregulação do testículo e do epidídimo ocorre na bolsa escrotal através de mecanismos próprios, sua temperatura deve ser inferior a corporal, dessa maneira, a espermatogênese ocorre adequadamente (DOMINGOS; SALOMÃO, 2011). No entanto, quando a doença é manifestada de forma unilateral há ainda a produção de hormônios e espermatogênese com reduzida concentração espermática, esta ocorrerá apenas no testículo que se encontra na bolsa escrotal (HAFEZ; HAFEZ, 2004).As neoplasias testiculares em cães são classificadas de acordo com a sua localização em tumores de célula de J O R N A L I N T E R D I S C I P L I N A R D E B I O C I Ê N C I A SHomepage: http://www.ojs.ufpi.br/index.php/jibi A B S T R A C TTesticular neoplasia are prevalent in dogs with cryptorchidism. The most common are sertolioma and seminoma. The seminoma develops in the seminiferous tubules and this is second most frequent testicular neoplasia in dogs. The diagnosis is confirmed with histopathology of the testicle collected during surgery for tumor removal. The removal of the testicle is the therapy preferred once studies on chemotherapy for this cancer are still scarce. This review about seminoma occurs through a case report as well as therapeutic protocols chosen. K E Y W O R D SCriptorquidismo, Túbulos Seminíferos, Cirurgia, Histopatológico R E S U M OAs neoplasias testiculares em cães são predominantes em animais com criptorquidismo. Sendo as mais comuns sertolioma e o seminoma. Este último se desenvolve nos túbulos seminíferos, sendo a segunda neoplasia testicular mais encontrada em cães. O diagnóstico é confirmado apenas com a histopatologia dos testículos coletado durante a cirurgia, a qual é a terapia de eleição para retirada do tumor. A remoção dos testículos é a terapia preferencial, pois estudos sobre quimioterápicos para esta neoplasia ainda são escassos. Revisa-se neste estudo o seminoma, através de um relato de caso como também os protocolos terapêuticos escolhidos. P A L A V R A S -C H A V E