using hydroxyapatite of calcium resulted in formation of significantly larger volume fractions of new bone when compared to small intestinal submucosa group.

Aim: The aim of this study was to evaluate the bone formation in surgically created defects of rabbit mandibles by synthetic hydroxyapatite of calcium compared to small Intestine Submucosa. Material and Method: 24 mices lineage Wisthar-Furth were used. A bony defect of 0,75 cm x 1,5 cm in mandibular ramus was accomplished in all animals. The hydroxyapatite implants were placed on the left hemimandiblein groupI, small Intestine submucosa in group II, and the right served as control. The euthanasia was accomplished in the 40° postoperative day, it was proceeded the macroscopic and histological analysis. Results: medium length in millimeters of the hemimandibless in the hydroxyapatite group was of 3,75, in the small intestine submucosa 3,03 and the control group was of 2,63 (p: 0,022). Histomorphometry study reaveled new bone grown in 76,64% of the total area in hydroxyapatite group (p: 0,022). In Small Intestinal submucosa group new bone grown in 63,64% do total (p: 0,0022). Discussion: satisfactory bone integration was observed of the synthetic hydroxyapatite in that experimental model. Small intestinal submucosa cause osteoinduction Conclusion: using hydroxyapatite of calcium resulted in formation of significantly larger volume frations of new bone when compared to small intestinal submucosa group.

Throughout human history, the morphological aspects of the child have been viewed in different ways by different cultures, and many researchers did not believe in their uniqueness and saw them as "mini adults". As a consequence, there was a neglect of the morphological peculiarities of the child. All this contributed to the fact that the number of studies on morphofunctional growth and development was scarce, so that professionals such as physiotherapists, speech therapists, pediatricians, nurses, among other professionals had insufficient material for consultation. In this sense, an analysis of the factors responsible for the growth and development of the newborn and the child was developed. For this, a systematic review was developed from the survey of morphological and functional data of the newborn and the child.

Os seios da dura-máter correspondem a um complexo sistema venoso especial responsável pela drenagem venosa do encéfalo. Apresentam um padrão anatômico de desenvolvimento e configuração morfológica. No entanto, ocorrem variações anatômicas de interesse clínico que devem ser levantadas para minimizar complicações cirúrgicas já que os seios venosos são importantes pontos de referência para a realização de técnicas cirúrgicas de acesso ao cérebro. Sendo assim, com propósito de contribuição pedagógica, este ensaio foi feito com base em um estudo de revisão integrativa da literatura que tem como objetivo desenvolver um levantamento das principais variações anatômicas relacionadas à formação, trajeto e drenagem venosa dos seios da meninge dura-máter. Para a coleta de dados, foi utilizada a plataforma PUBMED além da literatura médica clássica consultada. Como termo de busca foi utilizado (“Cranial Sinuses” [Mesh]) AND (variation or variations) e filtro “humans”, totalizando 100 artigos científicos com um recorte temporal de 10 anos entre 2010 até 2020. Como critérios de inclusão, foram selecionados artigos que possuíam base estatística das variações anatômicas mais frequentes. Como critérios de exclusão, estavam pesquisas que relatam patologias, vasos sanguíneos não relacionados, descrição de técnicas operatórias, relação com nervos cranianos e malformações fetais. A análise dos dados indicou que as variações anatômicas mais frequentes encontram-se relacionadas a dominância direita no seio transverso; ao seio sigmóide; e a presença de seio occipital oblíquo e seio falcial; além da diversidade no padrão da confluência dos seios. Quanto ao direcionamento da drenagem venosa dos seios da dura-máter constatou-se a dominância direita a partir do seio transverso e seio sigmóide em confluência à veia jugular interna em indivíduos adultos. Ademais, o levantamento das variações anatômicas mais frequentes dos seios da dura-máter serviu como base para o desenvolvimento de modelamento e impressão tridimensional (3D), com o propósito de contribuir como material didático na formação de excelência dos acadêmicos do curso de Medicina e auxiliar no planejamento de neurocirurgias.

POSTERSadhesive spray, and foam. All materials were found easily at a local craft store or in medical discard. Results:The model was assembled by securing ventilator tubing to a block of wood to represent the trachea. Thyroid and cricoid cartilages were fashioned and secured to ensure palpable landmarks. An anterior section of ventilator tubing was removed and replaced with foam tape to allow for a recyclable base. Finally, the thyroid and superficial tissue (including vessels and strap muscles) were assembled using headliner, felt, and vessel loops. After assembly was completed, four junior residents were able to successfully palpate each landmark, "ligate" vessels, identify and retract the thyroid isthmus, and perform a tracheostomy. Conclusion:The model developed is a practical and reproducible anatomic model for simulation training of tracheotomy for otolaryngology residents and can be created utilizing inexpensive, readily available materials. In conjunction with a skills lab training session, this useful tool could play an important role in the overall evaluation of surgical competence.