The quest for higher energy densities of lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) and emerging sodium-ion analogues (SIBs) has motivated an intense research effort toward novel electrode materials.

Herein, we present the synthesis and systematic comparison of Sn- and Co-Sn-based nanoparticles (NPs) as anode materials for lithium-ion batteries. These nanomaterials were produced via inexpensive routes combining wet chemical synthesis and dry mechanochemical methods (ball milling). We demonstrate that oxidized, nearly amorphous CoSnO NPs, in contrast to highly crystalline Sn and CoSn NPs, exhibit high cycling stability over 1500 cycles, retaining a capacity of 525 mA h g (92% of the initial capacity) at a high current density of 1982 mA g. Moreover, when cycled in full-cell configuration with LiCoO as the cathode, such CoSnO NPs deliver an average anodic capacity of 576 mA h g over 100 cycles at a current of 500 mA g, with an average discharge voltage of 3.14 V.

Magnetic nanosensors have become attractive instruments for the diagnosis and treatment of different diseases. They represent an efficient carrier system in drug delivery or in transporting contrast agents. For such purposes, magnetic nanosensors are used in vivo (intracorporeal application). To remove specific compounds from blood, magnetic nanosensors act as elimination system, which represents an extracorporeal approach. This review discusses principles, advantages and risks on recent advances in the field of magnetic nanosensors. First, synthesis methods for magnetic nanosensors and possibilities for enhancement of biocompatibility with different coating materials are addressed. Then, attention is devoted to clinical applications, in which nanosensors are or may be used as carrier- and elimination systems in the near future. Finally, risk considerations and possible effects of nanomaterials are discussed when working towards clinical applications with magnetic nanosensors.