Brazilian higher education has doubled its size in the 1990s, going from 1.5 million to more than 3 million students in the period. This expansion was mostly due to the growth of private education, which, in 2002, accounted for about two thirds of the enrollment. Is expansion making higher education more accessible to persons coming from the poorer segments of society? Is the quality of higher education suffering by the speed of this expansion? Is Brazil educating enough qualified persons to attend to the country's needs to participate in the new, knowledge-intensive and global economy? What public policies should be implemented, in order to foster the values of social equity and relevance? What are the policy implications of these developments? This article looks at the available evidence, and suggests some answers to these questions.
Este artigo resume as principais conclusões de uma pesquisa que examinou o relacionamento entre a pesquisa científica e tecnológica e o interesse público no Brasil, nas áreas de pesquisa agrícola e ambiental, farmacêutica e nas ciências sociais – pesquisas sobre trabalho e educação. A tese principal é que, em países em desenvolvimento, o principal parceiro e usuário potencial dos conhecimentos gerados pela pesquisa não é o setor privado, mas o setor público. Esta parceria entre instituições de pesquisa e agências públicas requer novas formas de institucionalização tanto da pesquisa quanto das agências de política científica, de maneira tal que seja possível aumentar a utilidade social da pesquisa, preservando ao mesmo tempo os padrões de liberdade acadêmica e qualidade que são essenciais em qualquer trabalho de natureza científica e tecnológica.
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