Jerusalem Artichoke (Helianthus tuberosus L.) is a technical plant that manages to adapt very well to unfriendly environments, even in polluted or poor in nutrients soils and may serve in the near future as an important raw material for the food, chemical, and pharmaceutical industries. Furthermore, the plant is growing rapidly, producing large amounts of biomass and offers the possibility to be harvested up to 2 times a year, therefore presents a high potential to be used in the field of biofuel production. The plant's capacity to multiply easily by developing small tubers in the soil, allowing the production of economically advantageous crops, can be considered an advantage for biofuel producers, however this feature might be a drawback for agricultural land owners considering the very invasive behavior. The present paper aim to assess two Jerusalem Artichokes crops established on marginal soils, assessing productivity and the extensive impact on the ecosystem, paying a special attention to plant invasiveness tendencies.

Soil is one of the natural reservoirs of the carbon biogeochemical cycle, incorporating approximately 6000 billion tons of carbon. Given that with the industrial development more and more carbon is emitted into the atmosphere, solutions, technologies and methods are being sought to reduce this carbon or, where appropriate, it is not eliminated into the atmosphere. The purpose of this paper is to study and identify the simplest methods to be applied in agriculture, for soil processing, by identifying the techniques, technologies and equipment to achieve this without turning the furrow, so that the carbon incorporated in the soil by plants remains sequestered there.

„Succesiv” is a monoecious hemp cultivar created at the Agricultural Research & Development Station Secuieni, registered in 2017 and obtained by isolation, complex hybridization on families (2011 - Z 7x4, M x 7, M 3x3, M 6x5, C x 9) and repeated selection. The new variety is characterized by long fibers with a length of 1.3-1.5 m in stem culture and 1.3-2.2 m in seed culture. The yield in the main crop is 4.2-5 t/ha fibers and 900-1200 kg/ha of seed, while in successive crops the seed yield reaches 800-1100 kg/ha.

Compensations between yield components are important barriers to improve yield in wheat. Data about the number of spikes per m2 , the number of grains per spike and thousand of kernel weight (TKW) were obtained from 26 yield trials with winter wheat cultivars, performed in 10 locations in Romania, during 2016-2018. Grain yield showed most frequently positive correlations with the number of grains per spike. Correlation coefficients of grain yield with the number of spikes per unit area ranged from -0.3 to +0.7, with most of the trials showing low positive correlations. Most trials showed practically no correlation of grain yield with TKW. Most correlations among the yield components were negative, illustrating the difficulty of combining in the same cultivar high values of more than one component, because of compensation between yield components. The strongest negative correlation was found between the number of spikes per unit area and the number of grains per spike, and most correlations between number of grains/spike and TKW were also negative. Significant differences between cultivars were found in deviations from both regressions between negatively correlated yield components (number of spikes per m2 - number of grains per spike and number of grains per spike - TKW respectively). This suggests the existence of cultivar specificity in compensation between yield components. Cultivars showing positive or smaller negative deviations from the regressions between negatively correlated yield components might be useful in breeding for reducing compensations between yield components. Further studies are necessary to confirm if this could lead to genetic progress for yielding potential.

<p>In the lab, three sorghum hybrids for grains cultivated in the Center of Moldova were analyzed qualitatively, two of them having white grains, and one having red grains. Two of the hybrids, one with white grains (Albanus) and one with red grains (Alize) came from Euralis SAS France, and the third, with white grains, came from N.A.R.D.I. Fundulea Romania (Fundulea 32). The results obtained from the laboratory investigations indicated that the variation of the chemical composition of the sorghum grain depending on the cultivated hybrid.</p>