Adhesive capsulitis of the shoulder is a clinical condition characterized by progressive limitation of active and passive mobility of the glenohumeral joint, generally associated with high levels of pain. Although the diagnosis of adhesive capsulitis is based mainly on clinical examination, different imaging modalities including arthrography, ultrasound, magnetic resonance, and magnetic resonance arthrography may help to confirm the diagnosis, detecting a number of findings such as capsular and coracohumeral ligament thickening, poor capsular distension, extracapsular contrast leakage, and synovial hypertrophy and scar tissue formation at the rotator interval. Ultrasound can also be used to guide intra- and periarticular procedures for treating patients with adhesive capsulitis.Key Points• Diagnosis of adhesive capsulitis is mainly based on clinical findings.• Imaging may be used to exclude articular or rotator cuff pathology.• Thickening of coracohumeral and inferior glenohumeral ligaments are common findings.• Rotator interval fat pad obliteration has 100 % specificity for adhesive capsulitis.• Ultrasound can be used to guide intra- and periarticular treatments.

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US-guided CNB is safe and effective. US contrast medium depicts tumour vascular supply and identifies the representative area(s) for sampling. Sensitivity and specificity are also high in subgrouping and grading, including myxoid types. Discussion about biopsy is part of the essential multidisciplinary strategy for these tumours.

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Femoro-acetabular impingement (FAI) is a common condition in young active subjects, which can lead to the development of early osteoarthritis if not correctly diagnosed. Imaging evaluation of FAI, mainly based on plain film and magnetic resonance evaluation, must be performed according to precise guidelines and is fundamental for reaching a final diagnosis. The purpose of this paper is to provide a clinical and radiological overview of FAI by describing the most common clinical tests, the imaging techniques used in the diagnosis, and the main radiological signs that may be encountered.