No abstract

In this study, by estimating the natural rate of interest, its relationship with key macroeconomic variables is analyzed using the time series data obtained from Turkey. As a first step, together with the natural rate of interest, the potential levels of output, prices and foreign exchange rate are estimated by using the Kalman Filter algorithm and then the related gap levels of each variable representing the deviations from their potentials are determined. As a second step of the study, the effects of output, price and exchange rate gaps on the interest rate gap are analyzed by using cointegration and error correction methodologies and the causality relationship among variables are examined. The main conclusion of the current study is that there is significant causality relationship between the interest rate gap, output, price and exchange rate gaps.

People or companies canalize their money to consumption or retain it for the future. Their desire to use their savings to obtain extra income gave birth to the concept of investment. They do this in a frame of expectations about the future. Expectations are the foundation of all investment decisions. This chapter focuses on how an investment and portfolio management process should be and explains different portfolio management strategies. It also includes different types of stock investments. The chapter intends to teach how one can choose a stock and manage money effectively. For this aim, the chapter includes value investment style, growth investment sytle, technical investment style, momentum investment style, fundamental investment style, and beyond. It is very important to know which strategy best fits your aims and your characteristics, so you will be able to learn this through this chapter. In addition, it is important to know how these strategies can used together effectively. In this chapter, an investor will find answers to questions about stock investment.

People or companies canalize their money to consumption or retain it for the future. Their desire to use their savings to obtain extra income gave birth to the concept of investment. They do this in a frame of expectations about the future. Expectations are the foundation of all investment decisions. This chapter focuses on how an investment and portfolio management process should be and explains different portfolio management strategies. It also includes different types of stock investments. The chapter intends to teach how one can choose a stock and manage money effectively. For this aim, the chapter includes value investment style, growth investment sytle, technical investment style, momentum investment style, fundamental investment style, and beyond. It is very important to know which strategy best fits your aims and your characteristics, so you will be able to learn this through this chapter. In addition, it is important to know how these strategies can used together effectively. In this chapter, an investor will find answers to questions about stock investment.