It is well established that hypertension is an important risk factor for cardiovascular disease. Data from epidemiological and observational studies have demonstrated increasing risk of stroke, myocardial infarction, cardiovascular death and all cause mortality associated with high blood pressure. Despite the significance of the problem with respect to overall health, control of high blood pressure is far from being optimal. Data from the National Health and Nutrition Survey have shown that those achieving target blood pressure values less than 140/90 mmHg are only 34% of the hypertensive population. The situation is no better in the rest of the world and even worse in the developing countries. Epidemiological transition taking place in developing countries with a decline in communicable diseases and an increase in noncommunicable have resulted in an improvement in life expectancy, thus causing predictable shifts in causes of death. Aging of the populations, urbanization and socioeconomic changes in the developing world have led to an increase in the prevalence of hypertension, with low control rates due to scarce health resources and insufficient health infrastructure. Thus prevention, detection, treatment and control of hypertension play a crucial role in protection of cardiovascular disease, not only in the developed countries but also in the developing world and implementation of hypertension guidelines should be reinforced around the world.

A possible relationship between end-organ damage and insulin resistance in patients with WCH exists.

Objectives:To determine the relation among the risk of falls, geriatric assessment, and anthropometric measurements, including the mini mental state examination, geriatric depression scale, handgrip test, and key pinch test.Methods:This prospective study included 89 residents hospitalized between May 2014 and September 2015 in the geriatric care unit of the Istanbul Balikli Rum Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey. Patients were followed-up for one year, and their falls were recorded. Medical records of the included patients were retrieved and analyzed.Results:A total of 89 patients, comprising 37 men and 52 women with an average age of 75.8 ± 8.2 years were included in the study. The residents’ annual falling averages were 1.0 ± 1.5. The most significant factors were identified to be predicted muscle mass, skeletal muscle index, whole body bioimpedance, dominant arm muscle strength, dominant arm bioimpedance, and free fat mass.Conclusions:The mini mental test, geriatric depression scale and lawton-brody scale combined with the handgrip, 6-meters walking, and bioimpedance tests are favorable for detecting the risk of falls and recurrent falls in vulnerable elderly nursing home residents.