Purpose: Kidney Injury Molecule-1 is a protein that increases in urine following tubular damage. Kidney Injury Molecule-1 levels were correlated with the level of chronic kidney disease secondary to diabetic nephropathy in patients with type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. Methods: Clinical and laboratory findings of 142 patients with diabetic nephropathy and 34 control subjects were analysed. Creatinine and HbA1c levels in blood samples and albumin, creatinine and Kidney Injury Molecule-1 levels in urine samples were assessed. Results: Urinary Kidney Injury Molecule-1 levels were significantly increased both in subgroups of diabetic nephropathy (normo-/micro-/macro-albuminuria) and in chronic kidney disease (stage 2-4) compared with controls. Urinary Kidney Injury Molecule-1 levels in stage 2 chronic kidney disease patients were significantly higher than those of the patients with stage 3-4 chronic kidney disease. Urinary Kidney Injury Molecule-1 levels, along with urinary albumin excretion and the duration of diabetes, were found to be independent risk factors associated with low glomerular filtration rates. Conclusion: Urinary Kidney Injury Molecule-1 levels seems to predict renal injury secondary to diabetic nephropathy in early period independent of albuminuria, because urinary Kidney Injury Molecule-1 was elevated despite normal urinary albumin excretion in the normoalbuminuric subgroup. Urinary Kidney Injury Molecule-1 levels, which are elevated in primarily in stage 2, shows a gradual decrease in patients with chronic kidney disease stages 3 and 4; thus, urinary Kidney Injury Molecule-1 levels may be useful in tracking the progression of kidney disease.

Abstract:Background:Acute mesenteric ischemia (AMI) is an intestinal vascular disease with high mortality. Clinical diagnosis of acute mesenteric ischemia is diffi cult. Adipose tissue is an important mediator of metabolism and infl ammation.Omentin is produced by visceral adipose tissue and decreased serum levels of omentin are associated with poor metabolic outcomes. We aimed to investigate whether serum omentin level predicts early diagnosis of AMI before development of transmural ischemia. Methods: Twenty-four Sprague Dawley rats weighted about 200-250 gr grouped in 3 experimental groups as sham, transient ischemia and permanent ischemia. Each group consisted of 8 rats. Blood samples were evaluated to determine serum urea, creatinine, omentin and C-reactive protein (CRP) levels. A blinded histological examination performed with the same histologist for hemotoxileneosine painted ileal tissue samples. Results: Mean serum omentin level in sham group (27.5±4.67) was signifi cantly elevated compared to rats in Ischemia-reperfusion (IR) group (10.9±9.01).The difference reached the statistical signifi cance (p=0.004). Serum omentin levels were not correlated to urea, creatinine or CRPlevels. Conclusion:Omentin levels may be a biochemical indicator to detect AMI. However, further human studies are needed (Tab. 3, Fig. 3, Ref. 34). Text in PDF www.elis.sk.