We investigated the effects of intermittent theta-burst stimulation (iTBS) on locomotor function, motor plasticity, and axonal regeneration in an animal model of incomplete spinal cord injury (SCI). Aneurysm clips with different compression forces were applied extradurally around the spinal cord at T10. Motor plasticity was evaluated by examining the motor evoked potentials (MEPs). Long-term iTBS treatment was given at the post-SCI 5th week and continued for 2 weeks (5 consecutive days/week). Time-course changes in locomotor function and the axonal regeneration level were measured by the Basso Beattie Bresnahan (BBB) scale, and growth-associated protein (GAP)-43 expression was detected in brain and spinal cord tissues. iTBS-induced potentiation was reduced at post-1-week SCI lesion and had recovered by 4 weeks post-SCI lesion, except in the severe group. Multiple sessions of iTBS treatment enhanced the motor plasticity in all SCI rats. The locomotor function revealed no significant changes between pre- and post-iTBS treatment in SCI rats. The GAP-43 expression level in the spinal cord increased following 2 weeks of iTBS treatment compared to the sham-treatment group. This preclinical model may provide a translational platform to further investigate therapeutic mechanisms of transcranial magnetic stimulation and enhance the possibility of the potential use of TMS with the iTBS scheme for treating SCIs.
Introduction: The ACL injury has commonly occurred in a greater number of athletes, less publication is about poor knee function and ACL injury in the patient with non-operative treatment. This study aimed to describe the characteristics of patients with ACL injury non-operative, which are associated with poor knee function on daily living activities.Methods: We included patients with ACL injury that has been diagnosed for ACL injury by an orthopedic surgeon or physiotherapist in a hospital or private clinic. All participants were recruited from February 2019 to April 2019. The inclusion criteria were patients who at least 18 years old. We used the KOOS ADL function cut-off score ≤80 to dichotomous the patient with knee problems, and score >80 have no statistical analysis problem. We calculated using binary logistic regression on the KOOS ADL function for each variable.Results: The mean score of KOOS daily living was 72.8 points, of which 66 participants had poor scores, and 37 were acceptable. Women were 9.2 times more likely to had poor KOOS daily living scores than men in non-operative ACL injury patients (p=0.044), and non-elite athletes had a higher possibility by 8.5 times higher than those who were participated in sports only for leisure or recreation (p=0.002).Conclusion: This study confirmed that patients who did not undergo the ACL reconstruction had a poor knee function in daily living. It was associated with women and non-elite athlete participants, yet the concomitant injuries were possibly confounder for the association.
Kehamilan adalah kondisi dimana seorang perempuan sedang mengandung dan mengembangkan fetus didalam rahimnya selama 9 bulan. Selama masa kehamilan, akan terjadi berbagai perubahan pada tubuh yang menyebabkan ketidaknyamanan pada tubuh ibu hamil. Perubahan-perubahan tersebut akan mencapai puncaknya saat kehamilan memasuki trisemester III. Ketidaknyamanan yang paling sering dikeluhkan ibu hamil saat memasuki kehamilan trisemester III diantaranya nyeri punggung bawah dan sesak nafas. Kondisi perut yang semakin membesar dari hari ke hari menyebabkan pusat gravitasi ibu hamil bergerak ke depan. Selain itu ligamentum sakroiliaka menjadi lemah sehingga panggul akan berputar ke depan dan meningkatkan hyperlordosis pada wanita hamil. Hal tersebut akan meningkatkan ketegangan pada panggul atau lumbal bawah yang menyebabkan nyeri punggung bawah pada ibu hamil. Selain itu sesak nafas pada ibu hamil di sebabkan karena adanya perubahan anatomis pada bagian rongga dada karena terdapat pembesaran uterus yang mendorong diafragma ke atas. Perubahan yang terjadi tersebut bisa mengakibatkan turunnya oksigenasi maternal, sedangkan kehamilan akan meningkatkan 20% konsumsi oksigen dan 15% laju metabolik, hal ini yang dapat membuat ketidakseimbangan ventilasi-perfusi. Salah satu intervensi yang dapat digunakan untuk mengurangi nyeri punggung bawah dan sesak nafas pada wanita hamil yaitu breathing exercise dan progressive muscle relaxation technique (PMRT). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh kombinasi breathing exercise dan progressive muscle relaxation technique (PMRT) terhadap nyeri punggung bawah dan sesak nafas pada ibu hamil trisemester III. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain quasi-eksperimental dengan menggunakan alat ukur Numeric rating scale (NRS) untuk mengukur nyeri punggung bawah dan nafas yang dialami menggunakan skala borg termodifikasi .Masing-masing sampel diukur nyeri punggung bawah dan tingkat sesak nafas sebelum dan sesudah diberikan intervensi kombinasi breathing exercise dan progressive muscle relaxation technique. Berdasarkan hasil uji statistic dengan Independent T test dan Wilcoxon test didapatkan nilai signifikansi 0.000(p>0,005) Sehingga dapat disimpulkan bahwa terdapat pengaruh kombinasi breathing exercise dan progressive muscle relaxation technique (PMRT) terhadap nyeri punggung bawah dan tingkat sesak nafas pada ibu hamil trisemester III.
Nyeri punggung bawah (low back pain) terjadi akibat adanya perubahan fisik dan hormonal seiring bertambahnya usia kehamilan dimana uterus semakin membesar dan terjadi penurunan elastisitas dan fleksibilitas pada otot punggung yang berakibat terjadinya lordosis. Dengan demikian wanita hamil akan mengalami perubahan saat berjalan karena perubahan gravitasi tubuh ke arah depan yang kemudian mengakibatkan ketegangan otot dan menimbulkan rasa nyeri di daerah punggung bagian bawah. Salah satu intervensi yang dapat digunakan untuk mengurangi nyeri punggung bawah pada wanita hamil yaitu prenatal yoga. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh prenatal yoga terhadap nyeri punggung bawah pada wanita hamil. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain quasi-eksperimental dengan rancangan one group pretest posttest design dengan menggunakan alat ukur Numeric rating scale (NRS). Masing-masing sampel diukur nyeri punggung bawahnya sebelum dan sesudah diberikan intervensi prenatal yoga. Berdasarkan hasil uji statistic dengan Wilcoxon didapatkan nilai signifikansi 0.000(p>0,005) Sehingga dapat disimpulkan bahwa terdapat pengaruh prenatal yoga terhadap nyeri punggung bawah pada wanita hamil
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