Since 2006, Ministry of Environment has promote environmental education, within the framework of a program for education for sustainable development to raise enviromental knowledge and awareness called Adiwiyata. Adiwiyata program runs on a voluntary and formal school in Indonesia. The Adiwiyata school program aims to encourage schools to adopt behaviours that are respectful towards the environment. As a prize of appreciation, the Ministry of Environment gives Adiwiyata awards to a schools that has succeed to met the criteria of green school environment. In 2014, Depok City government proposed nine schools to become National Adiwiyata School, but only six schools has pass the verification of healthy, clean, and beautiful encvironment and was awarded National Adiwiyata thropy and certificate. The study was conducted in order to test the level of knowledge, attitudes and behaviour of the school community that implemented Adiwiyata program, as well as the effectiveness of the program is to improve the knowledge and awaraness through policy insight, implementation of environmental based curriculum, environmental participatory based activity, and sustainable management of supporting facilitie, to support the responsible for the protection and management of environment. The study concluded that Adiwiyata program evident effective to change the green behaviors of school community.
Indonesia has a large number of primate diversity where a majority of the species are threatened. In addition, climate change is conservation issues that biodiversity may likely face in the future, particularly among primates. Thus, species-distribution modeling was useful for conservation planning. Herein, we present protected areas (PA) recommendations with high nature-conservation importance based on species-richness changes. We performed maximum entropy (Maxent) to retrieve species distribution of 51 primate species across Indonesia. We calculated species-richness change and range shifts to determine the priority of PA for primates under mitigation and worst-case scenarios by 2050. The results suggest that the models have an excellent performance based on seven different metrics. Current primate distributions occupied 65% of terrestrial landscape. However, our results indicate that 30 species of primates in Indonesia are likely to be extinct by 2050. Future primate species richness would be also expected to decline with the alpha diversity ranging from one to four species per 1 km2. Based on our results, we recommend 54 and 27 PA in Indonesia to be considered as the habitat-restoration priority and refugia, respectively. We conclude that species-distribution modeling approach along with the categorical species richness is effectively applicable for assessing primate biodiversity patterns.
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